Preface -- pt. I. Routine screening tests -- 1. Newborn screening tests -- 2. Checkups for children -- section 2.1. Routine checkups and tests -- section 2.2. Developmental screening -- 3. Preventive care and screening test guidelines for adults -- pt. II. Screening and assessment tests associated with specific concerns -- 4. Common cancer screening tests -- section 4.1. Bladder and other urothelial cancers screening -- section 4.2. Breast cancer screening -- section 4.3. Cervical cancer screening -- section 4.4. Colorectal cancer screening -- section 4.5. Lung cancer screening -- section 4.6. Oral cancer screening -- section 4.7. Prostate cancer screening -- section 4.8. Skin cancer screening -- section 4.9. Testicular cancer screening -- section 4.10. Tumor markers : questions and answers -- 5. Cardiovascular screening tests -- section 5.1. Recommended schedule for cardiovascular screening tests -- section 5.2. Cholesterol screening for adults and children -- section 5.3. Questions and answers about C-reactive protein -- section 5.4. Twelve-step screening may help reduce sudden death in young athletes -- 6. Tests for monitoring diabetes and kidney disease -- section 6.1. Tests used to diagnose diabetes -- section 6.2. Glucose meters and tests used to monitor diabetes -- section 6.3. Tests used to monitor kidney function -- 7. Testing for thyroid dysfunction -- 8. Prenatal tests -- 9. Infertility testing -- 10. Tests for osteoporosis -- 11. Testing for infectious diseases -- section 11.1. Testing for sexually transmitted diseases -- section 11.2. Frequently asked questions about HIV testing -- section 11.3. Understanding test results for hepatitis B -- section 11.4. Hepatitis C test results -- section 11.5. Testing for respiratory infections -- 12. Allergy testing -- 13. Hearing assessments -- 14. Vision screening -- section 14.1. The importance of regular eye exams -- section 14.2. When should my child have an eye exam? -- section 14.3. Tests for glaucoma -- section 14.4. Diagnosing macular degeneration --

pt. III. Laboratory tests of body fluids and specimens -- 15. Understanding laboratory tests -- section 15.1. Questions and answers about lab tests -- section 15.2. Interpreting laboratory results -- section 15.3. Reference ranges and what they mean -- 16. Blood tests -- section 16.1. Overview of blood and blood components -- section 16.2. Lipid profile : cholesterol and triglycerides -- section 16.3. Basic blood chemistry tests -- section 16.4. Understanding your complete blood count -- section 16.5. Blood cultures -- section 16.6. Liver function tests -- 17. Sweat test -- 18. Biopsies -- section 18.1. What is a biopsy? -- section 18.2. Sentinel lymph node biopsies -- section 18.3. Breast biopsies -- section 18.4. Endometrial biopsies -- section 18.5. Cervical biopsies -- section 18.6. Colposcopy and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) -- section 18.7. Heart biopsies -- section 18.8. Kidney biopsies -- section 18.9. Liver biopsies -- section 18.10. Lung biopsies -- section 18.11. Muscle biopsies -- section 18.12. Skin biopsies -- section 18.13. Thyroid biopsies -- 19. Throat culture -- 20. Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) -- 21. Urinalysis -- 22. Stool tests -- section 22.1. Fecal occult blood test -- section 22.2. Fecal culture -- section 22.3. Stool clostridium difficile -- section 22.4. Stool ova and parasites -- 23. Genetic testing -- section 23.1. What you should know about genetic testing -- section 23.2. Points to consider about genetic services -- section 23.3. Pints to consider when ordering genetic testing -- section 23.4. Genetic testing for breast and ovarian cancer risk -- section 23.5. Genetic discrimination in health insurance --

pt. IV. Imaging tests -- 24. Radiography (x-rays) -- section 24.1. What you should know about x-rays -- section 24.2. Chest x-rays -- section 24.3. Bone x-rays -- 25. Contrast radiography -- section 25.1. Contrast agents -- section 25.2. Angiograms -- section 25.3. Intravenous pyelograms -- section 25.4. Cystograms -- section 25.5. Upper and lower GI series -- 25.6. Barium enemas -- section 25.7. Hysterosalpingograms -- section 25.8. Arthrograms -- section 25.9. Myelograms -- 26. Mammography -- 27. Sonography (ultrasound exams) -- section 27.1. Ultrasound : an introduction -- section 27.2. Obstetric ultrasound -- section 27.3. Pelvic ultrasound-- section 27.4. Abdominal ultrasound -- section 27.5. Heart ultrasound (echocardiography) -- section 27.6. Vascular ultrasound -- section 27.7. Carotid ultrasound -- 28. Computed tomography -- section 28.1. What is computed tomography (CT)? -- section 28.2. Questions and answers about CT scans -- section 28.3. Cardiac CT -- section 28.4. Coronary calcium scan -- section 28.5. Full-body CT scans : what you need to know -- 29. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -- section 29.1. MRI : an introduction -- section 29.2. Cardiac MRI -- section 29.3. MR angiography -- section 29.4. Abdominal MRI -- section 29.5. MRI of the skeletal system -- section 29.6. MRI of the head -- 30. Nuclear imaging tests -- section 30.1. Nuclear medicine : an overview -- section 30.2. Positron emission tomography (PET scan) -- section 30.3. Nuclear heart scan --

pt. V. Electrical, endoscopic, and functionality exams -- 31. Electrocardiograms (EKGs) -- 32. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) -- 33. Electromyography and nerve conduction velocities -- 34. Endoscopic tests -- section 34.1. Upper endoscopy -- section 34.2. Colonoscopy -- section 34.3. Flexible sigmoidoscopy -- section 34.4. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) -- section 34.5. Capsule endoscopy -- section 34.6. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) -- section 34.7. Cystoscopy and ureteroscopy -- section 34.8. Nasal endoscopy -- section 34.9. Bronchoscopy -- 35. Laparoscopy -- 36. Holter and event monitors -- 37. Sleep studies -- 38. Stress testing -- 39. Urodynamic testing -- 40. Pulmonary function tests -- pt. VI. In-home and self-ordered medical tests -- 41. What you should know about home-use medical tests -- section 41.1. Advantages and limitations of home health care tests -- section 41.2. Direct-to-consumer tests : just what the doctor didn't order -- section 41.3. Be cautious about buying medical test kits online -- 42. Home-use tests for cholesterol -- 43. Home-use tests for fecal occult blood -- 44. Home-use tests for managing diabetes -- 45. Home-use test for prothrombin time (PT) -- 46. Home pregnancy tests -- 47. Home-use tests for gynecological concerns -- section 47.1. Urine test for ovulation -- section 47.2. Saliva test for ovulation -- section 47.3. Testing vaginal pH -- section 47.4. Testing for menopause -- 48. Home-use test for human immunodeficiency virus -- 49. Home-use test for hepatitis C -- 50. Home-use tests for drugs of abuse -- section 50.1. First check 12 drug test -- section 50.2. Home collection kit for drug testing -- section 50.3. Two-step test for drugs of abuse -- section 50.4. American Academy of Pediatrics believes adolescents should not be drug tested without their knowledge and consent -- pt. VII. Additional help and information -- 51. Terms related to medical tests -- 52. Online health screening tools -- 53. Resources for more information about medical tests -- Index.