Organizing is such a common activity that we often do it without thinking much about it. In our daily lives we organize physical things -- books on shelves, cutlery in kitchen drawers -- and digital things -- Web pages, MP3 files, scientific datasets. Millions of people create and browse Web sites, blog, tag, tweet, and upload and download content of all media types without thinking "I'm organizing now" or "I'm retrieving now." This book offers a framework for the theory and practice of organizing that integrates information organization (IO) and information retrieval (IR), bridging the disciplinary chasms between Library and Information Science and Computer Science, each of which views and teaches IO and IR as separate topics and in substantially different ways. It introduces the unifying concept of an Organizing System -- an intentionally arranged collection of resources and the interactions they support -- and then explains the key concepts and challenges in the design and deploymen