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Articles

1. INTERNATIONAL LAW AND SECURITY IN OUTER SPACE 2019

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwhV09T8MwELWgEwvfH-VLHrqG1k6d2GMoRVSCFmgrxBTZznlACCFo_z9nJynNgFgyOFYSvTi-d-eXZ0I6RprY9qyJEqUh6gOXkbECIlVwwITLYcoim8WcUkTzXckqgy4wrOIjQTLv0PWLoxhYcabdxHhWuuD-FlKQ4GDMr_6983bQ-m3pNVvqyu91uxZtgil_U3cYosjtDnmq7x_EI37LgnUVfTc4Fwa7itql8d9n3SXbFaWkWTkG9sgGfOyT40apj640bwckarjg0vvshWbjGzodDubPo9krHY3pZI496PQxGwwPyfx2OBvcRdWmCZGNhVxEzPkMijEFwhq_zKq0Yo475Y11ZOE8gXMSHEsh5UlqXE9q8KRQF2BVkcQnhGKqyrQwyC6k6ccFTucCOEeCmxhhHIg26dSo5p-lKUZeqsXSHMHPPfg5w27XHvFVF-9kHRoQrrz6MPJYq0SBEn3QvG-Z1anRTAM2stQJLtvkKGC8ukoN8OlfJ87Iln-Ask5yTlqLryVckJZ_mZdh6ODxgU9-ANwVwCY

   King, Matthew T.; Blank, Laurie R.

   Ajil Unbound, Vol. 113, pp. 125 - 129.

   Once the domain of a few spacefaring nations, outer space has exploded with new actors, state and private, in recent years. New actors and activities bring new potential threats and concerns for ne... Read more

   Once the domain of a few spacefaring nations, outer space has exploded with new actors, state and private, in recent years. New actors and activities bring new potential threats and concerns for new and existing actors alike. In this complex environment, where mistrust and misunderstanding often prevail, international law can play an important role in bridging gaps and creating predictability, clarity, and consistency. Although new treaty law is unlikely, the ordinary incremental international law processes of state practice, opinio juris , and international jurisprudence will help to resolve critical questions about the content and application of international law in outer space over time. Read less

   Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

2. Oxidative Stress Promotes Polarization of Human T Cell Differentiation Toward a T Helper 2 Phenotype 2006

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1LT8MwDI4QEogLj4FgPHPgSLc1r7ZHBExwAAYMIbhESZMKUNkQDA3-PU7asu0wBJcqUqOotd36c2x_QWhfx5qmrVQHIlE2YJbEgU65DRJDLARcGYQs8eRmzqhZfSKDzwC-Np-fXKNEP2-EkWjwBomEaylnLeoKuK4frn7-u6JFWMUNDnOjgmNo2hqTfqjiBp6CM0npb9pL6L7q2vFlJu5wg_F6-6bnOPTEFmN8jn97q2W0WIJQfFhYzQqasb0amiuOpfyqofnzMuG-iszl55Px3OD4xneV4I6v37MwcEFx2cWJ-xn26QDcxUc2z_Fxee7KoNA87vrqXKzgPji6V_uGCe482l7fbQGvodv2SffoNCgPZghSFoaDILFMpFy1BLgymmWxYmEWaRikmbGMKWbS1CQGYjHtsjyKCpEYShk3QgAA1HQDYQiHQ8U1IJhYM2rAZXBLCIBoobnOLK-jg0o_8rUg3pAQsDjhyUp4EoQnuXTCqyNc6VC-v6g8B92Fcjgcjk_Zq3Qr4RtyiRHVs_2Pd1gGgGhEf5khICqLCaN1tF4YxeiZBEsABpDN_z3vFlooNnNcNds2mh28fdgdNOvsaNebNVzvzi6-AU61-Oc

   King, Miranda R; Ismail, Anisa S; Davis, Laurie S; Karp, David R

   Journal Of Immunology, Vol. 176, Issue 5, pp. 2765 - 2772.

   These studies were conducted to determine the effects of oxidative stress on human T cell differentiation and polarization into Th1 or Th2 phenotypes. Highly purified naive CD4+ T cells were isolat... Read more

   These studies were conducted to determine the effects of oxidative stress on human T cell differentiation and polarization into Th1 or Th2 phenotypes. Highly purified naive CD4+ T cells were isolated from PBMC of healthy, nonatopic donors. CD4+ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAb in the presence or absence of oxidative stress as supplied by 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ), which generates a low level of superoxide anion. Increases in cellular superoxide were observed by exposure to DMNQ. Exposure of unpolarized CD4+ T cells to IL-12 or IL-4 resulted in a Th1 or Th2 phenotype, respectively. T cells stimulated in the absence of polarizing cytokines secreted modest amounts of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Cells stimulated in the continuous presence of 5 microM DMNQ, displayed a marked up-regulation in Th2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, but not the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma. Th2 responses were blunted by concomitant exposure to thiol antioxidants. Long-term exposure of T cells to DMNQ resulted in growth of cells expressing CCR4, and a decrease in cells expressing CXCR3, indicating phenotypic conversion to Th2 cells. These results suggest that oxidative stress favors a Th2-polarizing condition. Read less

   Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

3. Predictors of Formal Control Usage in IT Outsourcing Partnerships 2008

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwhV3da9swED-2Fsb2sHbZSrOuQYN9PHmJLcsfj0loaBndspGwjxch2XIplHREyUP_-97JUqlhpS9njM7G5s6nO-nn3wF80IXm1ajSUVYqE6UmKSJdCROVdWKw4GqwZCm6izktiMZ6WKXDBbpdfEyQ9JUZYpocU18lirQppxLr26S8i7eclzxwDuQoPDUjlgLDS5xmHIruC5GOdKaeEIADK7D7m4nyRBuQid3ozP2UM9uDH-FhHdKE-hvch9wPHc2h47YIlI6Pvtg-vPT5Jxu3DvMKnphVD54F-HsP9kKbB-a_-h68uMdZ-BrG8zXt7VCTHnbdsBnlvFds2iLe2ZJwauxyxc4W7Pt247YG8DI2Rw9dtZBp-waWs5PF9DTyfRiiSiTFJuI6x6ooLaramCIzGbWEKZUqK6Vryl8aShPzWuXC5KLKeK5rbrDuFHFT41jMD4Fh9RsroTFhKXTKa5whhEkSzJkzLXRjRB8-B9vIfy3PhqT6BK0oyYqeyBSt2IePZDrpm3SisLSMYS_U1lo5pnpphDkS3dHpkVU3a1Up_7_B9coQ5VVH81NH86Il_P6f4vvgLtI7izvaGyvjUib4uBneLAw99h4Hzh_u1IIz9OEo-J30AcXKhBqkiCzN3j502RE8b7EstEL0DnY26605hh1yywE8zX_9Ifl7gvJkshzA7un0bPYXz77mEcrz0YJkcj5wHxfKuaDRn_PlLfN-HHY

   Rustagi, Sandeep; King, William R; Kirsch, Laurie J

   Information Systems Research, Vol. 19, Issue 2, pp. 126 - 143.

   Client control over the vendor has been identified as a critical factor in successfully managing information technology outsourcing relationships. Though prior studies have suggested that "how much... Read more

   Client control over the vendor has been identified as a critical factor in successfully managing information technology outsourcing relationships. Though prior studies have suggested that "how much" control is exercised has significant ramifications for individuals and firms, relatively few studies have operationalized and studied this important concept. In this study, we define the amount of formal control as the variety of mechanisms used by a client to exercise control over a vendor and the extent to which the mechanisms are used. We use literature on transaction cost economics and organizational control to build a model of the antecedents of the amount of formal control. The study uses data from 138 client-vendor matched pairs working in eight large, long-term, ongoing outsourcing arrangements to test specific hypotheses. The results suggest that clients who have technical or relationship management knowledge, or have high levels of trust in their vendors, use formal control mechanisms to a lesser extent. On the other hand, task uncertainty was found to be positively associated with the amount of formal control, and the degree of core competency involved in the outsourced activity was not found to be related to the amount of formal control. These results are discussed, and implications for research and practice are drawn. Read less

   Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

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