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1. Smallpox vaccination and the limits of governing through contagion in the Straits Settlements,... 2023

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1bT9swFLYGvOxlAjZp3QBZ2p7oUuI4blwJIXUVo0OITYI9R44vFFHajjtv-w_7h_wSji-5MLZpaC9JlFhWdc7nc3G_c4zQe0UhaGBcRVzqOEqVgCWlTBxpprNCyrjocvXLZs5JWQvzWxb7xn-rFt6Bcm2p7BPUW00KL-AZlAxXUDNc_0nRB6diPJ5Nb9pXQspjv7lX8SLHtn7JsTWO3KG6vjjKH81jWeriqMF1tJ1q7egDbRsbn3qKxaBtW92XnAhYSr70vK6hvnbomdX9hRv0HiFP2rsw-46o2caD0aULWPduJ5Zm1N7tNHceElqxVINXeEztecTfhAyPRTzxHZk62ttYa5shLIqbRtj3lAxgow2LWhZ0eedMfbvbP9j9sZhNOwQiHlJ7t4pzuNf_-sV9m0MLSdbjYBQX-tufd_Yrxw2xEfVbcv43h262lvhVz_wwfqmTkmZq42KTw0X0IiQVuO_BsYSe6ckymgPVLKPFQHCEz8GMv0TfS8jgBmQwQAYDCrCHDJ4aXEEGB8jgCjL4eOIGb462AmpwAzWbG6OtD9ji5u7HT4uYV-jbp-3DwTAKR29EMoEYPKJpIYihMosFExllpOip1P6nzVmsiQaf2APDTlmaCcjOmGSml6ok1oYURHNq6GuEu0WhVEK0MKkGlXNuCDGEFkJIrnWqW-hdKcl85lur5GVKauWdO3m30Eop5DysuvPclv12bSNP1kLrTvB_mSGvNP_mKYPfouc16FfQ_MXZpV5F89YmrQXkwP3jcLjfvwdzYYW0

   Lee, Jack Jin Gary; Chua, Lynette J.

   Law & Policy, Vol. 45, Issue 3, pp. 331 - 352.

   Vaccination involves the encounter of nonhuman biological matter and human bodies, recalibrating our susceptibility to illness and death. This boundary‐crossing act has been caught in conflicting w... Read more

   Vaccination involves the encounter of nonhuman biological matter and human bodies, recalibrating our susceptibility to illness and death. This boundary‐crossing act has been caught in conflicting webs of moral significance, including the normalizing frameworks of public health governance and its corresponding forms of resistance. Such tensions and dynamics were a feature of smallpox vaccination ‐ the first modern, systematic state‐driven project to build population immunity. Focusing on smallpox vaccination in the British‐ruled Straits Settlements (Singapore, Penang, and Malacca) between 1868 and 1926, we examine the recurrent features of contentions over vaccination from the tentative beginnings of the 1868 Vaccination Ordinance to the systematic extension of vaccination in the 20th century. Engaging science and technology studies of nonhuman agency and social theories on security, we argue that such contentions demonstrate the limits of a power formation we call governing through contagion (GTC). GTC centralizes law and other technologies to normalize public health measures that combat contagious diseases, while dysconnecting populations by its strategies of control. Our history of smallpox vaccination reveals: (i) GTC relies on the interconnectedness of human and nonhuman actors in protecting populations against viral threats; law is essential but does not necessarily drive vaccination or other strategies of control and (ii) resistance to GTC, in which law plays an integral role, reinforces inequalities and differentiated treatment, what we term endemic inter/dysconnectedness. Read less

   Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

2. Building a long-time series for weather and extreme weather in the Straits Settlements: a... 2021

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1db9MwFLXY-sIL3xKFUVkIsSerTeLELpqG2oqyCfGyDiHxYvmzqzSS0nTit_Bvudd1xiohXniq4lhx0hzfe3xzfS4hb1wBpKGUjknrR4w7DVPKhRHzpRfG2pGppNsP5uyyCXEvTHq_nVmMtto1FsPkwxydm0SMvV__YFg4Cj-wpioaB6SH6l8wN3tns_P5t84cc_xQhKsumXEGZIXvlBuBuPChXTOw0WKcAVbybM8zRQH_v5rpPPme-UPyvbvrmHKChQ7u5t4Po95hFLnotB3_6wkfkQeJpNLJDlWPyT1fPyH9z8Cvm00Mw9O3dHa9ArIbj56SX9NUXZtqet3US4Yl6ymi27cUaDH9uWOaVNeOgjvAoORt26qm8EtPrk5RKne1benCo7Jy3Hx3Mrw6fQdXjYmP7O4eYtrJodNtEy-gk4gubQJtYzIqjP6MfJl_uJydsVT0gWk-FlsWbGHGRely44qy0qXIrM61tBxaPB5jhWydj4zRACRnfRUsF6UGpuGtqULxnNDKGOfyzOvAPTgCKUOWhawwWlvpPfd9cty9abXeiXooWAwhJpRdq0wowIRCTPTJFIFw2wvFuGNDs1mqNLeVcMYUY18EYQI3PAMHM5YC1snWyKowMNxrhJFCuY0a83mW-qZt1fniQk2qUggMFMBIx6lTaODPtjptj2hqjwpdez2P9nqCPbD7pztsqWSPWvUHWC_-ffoluY_PHXOTxBE53G5u_CtyiJgekANx-XFAetNPi8nFIEYvBqir-nWQ5txvzGI3qQ

   Williamson, Fiona

   Climate Of The Past, Vol. 17, Issue 2, pp. 791 - 803.

   In comparison to the Northern Hemisphere, especially Europe and North America, there is a scarcity of information regarding the historic weather and climate of Southeast Asia and the Southern Hemis... Read more

   In comparison to the Northern Hemisphere, especially Europe and North America, there is a scarcity of information regarding the historic weather and climate of Southeast Asia and the Southern Hemisphere in general. The reasons for this are both historic and political, yet that does not mean that such data do not exist. Much of the early instrumental weather records for Southeast Asia stem from the colonial period and, with some countries and regions changing hands between the European powers, surviving information tends to be scattered across the globe making its recovery a long and often arduous task. This paper focuses on data recovery for two countries that were once joined under British governance: Singapore and Malaysia. It will explore the early stage of a project that aims to recover surviving instrumental weather records for both countries from the late 1780s to the 1950s, with early research completed for the Straits Settlements (Singapore, Penang and Malacca) between 1786 and 1917. Taking a historical approach, the main focus here is to explore the types of records available and the circumstances of their production. In so doing, it will consider the potential for inaccuracy, highlight gaps in the record and use historical context to explain how and why these problems and omissions may have occurred. It will also explore the availability of narrative and data evidence to pinpoint extreme periods of weather such as drought or flood and consider the usefulness of historical narrative in identifying and analysing extreme events. Read less

   Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

3. HUMANITARIANISM AND THE OVERSEAS AID CRAZE IN BRITAIN'S COLONIAL STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, 1870-1920 2017

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwhV1dS9xAFL1UfelL_ajgWl3mQduXhiTmaxZkYXaNJLBmaRKL9CVkviqliHS3oP_eO5ME1ydfkpcJDHPm3jk3czgX4EwGSBoiKh0qlOeEssWQktpzVKQSLoTHYyrf_szpRDSrXlZpdYH2Fh8JEv-r3DAy3VejaAu2aBB3Jq6v6Tbyemdd38ESK-7V7Vipu4_tav3H_b1-siLnjXOnkx6-Tb9Bf6Zc78KPYTZWSmIaGGxq6l3rY2jNKwbPxndnvgefeoJJWLcj9uGDejiAw84N5Jl8JcZqtrXtfJ8_g85ub1iR16zM8VXdEFZckTpLyfJnWlYpqwjLr8i8ZL9SkhdkVuLQvPhWkflysSxytiCX91PTdjmvK1Kldb2wzQGqS_d--p34GKUOcjvvEG6v03qeOX3nBUcgn1g7IdVUitBHfLUUE2NZg0wu1G0UJBoJmUomImlxqM8TBFQhy8KyjivMWNyLBA-OgMScS3nhq1aHCrMxpdr3tR_wthVUqVCN4HwApHnsnDWa7kY8aCxwTQfcCMZ2WTcHGfV6M6ztCE4GGJs-AFeNKWPNRX88OX7v-y_w8cKc1VbVdwLb63__1SlsG7jHsDPLsoKN7ZbDZ7m8ewHwNs0S

   Frost, Mark R.

   Past & Present, Vol. 236, Issue 236, pp. 169 - 205.

   This paper builds on a recent trend in the historiography of the British Empire, one which emphasises the multi-centred origins of ideologies, policies and social movements, to explore flows of hum... Read more

   This paper builds on a recent trend in the historiography of the British Empire, one which emphasises the multi-centred origins of ideologies, policies and social movements, to explore flows of humanitarian aid which emanated from Britain's late-colonial Straits Settlements and then traversed the globe to reach Europe, India, Persia, South Africa, China and Japan. It therefore challenges the Eurocentricism of recent, purportedly global, histories of the modern humanitarian movement, while reinforcing this movement's close relationship with the history of international capital. Between 1870 and 1920, many leading humanitarian activists in the Straits Settlements were wealthy Chinese, Indian and Arab merchants, who (along with their employees) made up the principal donors during the charitable funds 'craze'. In part, the humanitarian impulses of these activists derived from the alternative universalisms being articulated by local Asian intellectuals at this time, with their well-publicized notions of 'universal brotherhood' and common humanity. At the same time, the Straits' charitable funds 'craze' took on an undeniable pragmatic political character determined by the wider colonial context. Ultimately, overseas aid-giving became a field of action which bolstered the British Empire yet offered Asian elites a space in which to contest the racial hierarchies which the Empire enforced, and to demand new rights as imperial citizens. Read less

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