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'''Transubstantiation''' (in [[Latin language|Latin]], ''transsubstantiatio'', in [[Greek language|Greek]] μετουσίωσις [[metousiosis]]) is the change whereby, according to Catholic [[doctrine]], the bread and the wine used in the [[sacrament]] of the [[Eucharist]] become, not merely as by a sign or a figure, but also in reality the body and blood of Christ.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Lb0ng3t7M_4C&pg=PA292&lpg=PA292&dq=%22actual+reality+as+well%22+Nicholas&source=bl&ots=qUM9ZlBD5j&sig=gCuGmwoJJD8tiyuyyrznLm3EkXQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JfmNUfuXAYTD7AbV6oCgBA&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22actual%20reality%20as%20well%22%20Nicholas&f=false Richard A. Nicholas, ''The Eucharist as the Center of Theology'' (Peter Lang 2005 ISBN 978-0-82047497-7), p. 292]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=EJbL0R_DxuMC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=%22in+actual+reality+as+well%22&source=bl&ots=EjTpzU1zLa&sig=Ir7OuNkc9S94YYmxlPr_vIKnTn4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YfeNUc-wH4SO7QbxnYGoAw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22in%20actual%20reality%20as%20well%22&f=false Teresa Whalen, ''The Authentic Doctrine of the Eucharist'' (Rowman & Littlefield 1993 ISBN 978-1-55612558-4), p. 12]</ref> The Catholic Church teaches that the [[substance theory|substance]] or reality of the bread is changed into that of the body of Christ and the substance of the wine into that of his blood,<ref>According to Catholic theology, the body of the living Christ, into which the bread is changed, is necessarily accompanied by his blood, his soul and his divinity, and similarly his body, his soul and his divinity are present "by [http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=32692 concomitance]" where his blood is.</ref> while all that is accessible to the senses (the outward appearances - ''species''<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=pQ24f4v7fR4C&pg=PA160&dq=Gelpi+appearances+species&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U3GOUazNELHQ7AaVhYG4Bg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gelpi%20appearances%20species&f=false Donald L. Gelpi, ''The Conversion Experience'' (Paulist Press 1998 ISBN 978-0-80913796-1), p. 160]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Hzbsz3TOsZAC&pg=PA546&dq=Hellyer+outward+appearances&hl=en&sa=X&ei=rISOUa6NOujB7AaomIHQBg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Hellyer%20outward%20appearances&f=false John W. O'Malley, ''The Jesuits'' (University of Toronto Press 1999 ISBN 978-0-80204287-3), p. 546]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=cn4QrFoUPQsC&pg=PA326&dq=Walsh+appearance+species+bread+wine&hl=en&sa=X&ei=FIeOUY3MCu6N7Aa6roDQAg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Walsh%20appearance%20species%20bread%20wine&f=false Liam G. Walsh, ''Sacraments of Initiation'' (LiturgyTrainingPublications 2011 ISBN 978-1-59525035-3), p. 326]</ref> in [[Latin]]) remains unchanged.<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P44.HTM Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1413]</ref><ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/603196/transubstantiation Encyclopaedia Britannica].</ref> What remains unaltered is also referred to as the "[[accident (philosophy)|accidents]]" of the bread and wine,<ref>"The conversion of the whole substance of the bread and wine into the whole substance of the Body and Blood of Christ, only the accidents (i.e. the appearances of the bread and wine) remaining" (Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church - Oxford University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3 - article ''Transubstantiation''</ref> but this term is not used in the official definition of the doctrine by the [[Council of Trent]].<ref name=Trent>[http://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct13.html Council of Trent, Decree concerning the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, canon II]</ref> The manner in which the change occurs, the Catholic Church teaches, is a mystery: "The signs of bread and wine become, in a way surpassing understanding, the Body and Blood of Christ."<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p2s2c1a3.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1333]</ref> |
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'''Transubstantiation''' (in [[Latin language|Latin]], ''transsubstantiatio'', in [[Greek language|Greek]] μετουσίωσις [[metousiosis]]) is the change whereby, according to Catholic [[doctrine]], the bread and the wine used in the [[sacrament]] of the [[Eucharist]] become, not merely as by a sign or a figure, but also in reality the body and blood of Christ.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Lb0ng3t7M_4C&pg=PA292&lpg=PA292&dq=%22actual+reality+as+well%22+Nicholas&source=bl&ots=qUM9ZlBD5j&sig=gCuGmwoJJD8tiyuyyrznLm3EkXQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JfmNUfuXAYTD7AbV6oCgBA&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22actual%20reality%20as%20well%22%20Nicholas&f=false Richard A. Nicholas, ''The Eucharist as the Center of Theology'' (Peter Lang 2005 ISBN 978-0-82047497-7), p. 292]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=EJbL0R_DxuMC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=%22in+actual+reality+as+well%22&source=bl&ots=EjTpzU1zLa&sig=Ir7OuNkc9S94YYmxlPr_vIKnTn4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YfeNUc-wH4SO7QbxnYGoAw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22in%20actual%20reality%20as%20well%22&f=false Teresa Whalen, ''The Authentic Doctrine of the Eucharist'' (Rowman & Littlefield 1993 ISBN 978-1-55612558-4), p. 12]</ref> The Catholic Church teaches that the [[substance theory|substance]] or reality of the bread is changed into that of the body of Christ and the substance of the wine into that of his blood,<ref>According to Catholic theology, the body of the living Christ, into which the bread is changed, is necessarily accompanied by his blood, his soul and his divinity, and similarly his body, his soul and his divinity are present "by [http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=32692 concomitance]" where his blood is.</ref> while all that is accessible to the senses (the outward appearances - ''species''<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=pQ24f4v7fR4C&pg=PA160&dq=Gelpi+appearances+species&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U3GOUazNELHQ7AaVhYG4Bg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gelpi%20appearances%20species&f=false Donald L. Gelpi, ''The Conversion Experience'' (Paulist Press 1998 ISBN 978-0-80913796-1), p. 160]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Hzbsz3TOsZAC&pg=PA546&dq=Hellyer+outward+appearances&hl=en&sa=X&ei=rISOUa6NOujB7AaomIHQBg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Hellyer%20outward%20appearances&f=false John W. O'Malley, ''The Jesuits'' (University of Toronto Press 1999 ISBN 978-0-80204287-3), p. 546]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=cn4QrFoUPQsC&pg=PA326&dq=Walsh+appearance+species+bread+wine&hl=en&sa=X&ei=FIeOUY3MCu6N7Aa6roDQAg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Walsh%20appearance%20species%20bread%20wine&f=false Liam G. Walsh, ''Sacraments of Initiation'' (LiturgyTrainingPublications 2011 ISBN 978-1-59525035-3), p. 326]</ref> in [[Latin]]) remains unchanged.<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P44.HTM Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1413]</ref><ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/603196/transubstantiation Encyclopaedia Britannica].</ref> What remains unaltered is also referred to as the "[[accident (philosophy)|accidents]]" of the bread and wine,<ref>"The conversion of the whole substance of the bread and wine into the whole substance of the Body and Blood of Christ, only the accidents (i.e. the appearances of the bread and wine) remaining" (Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church - Oxford University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3 - article ''Transubstantiation''</ref> but this term is not used in the official definition of the doctrine by the [[Council of Trent]].<ref name=Trent>[http://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct13.html Council of Trent, Decree concerning the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, canon II]</ref> The manner in which the change occurs, the Catholic Church teaches, is a mystery: "The signs of bread and wine become, in a way surpassing understanding, the Body and Blood of Christ."<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p2s2c1a3.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1333]</ref> |