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In the early 2nd century AD, the site of the present Church had been a pagan temple,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-01/Npnf2 January 1929.htm#P7646_3165242 |title=NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine |publisher=Christian Classics Ethereal Library |date=13 July 2005 |accessdate=7 July 2012}}</ref> although it had been claimed by Christian writers such as [[Eusebius]] that the site had been a Christian place of veneration since the crucifixion.<ref>Eusebius, ''Life of Constantine'', 3:26</ref> The first Christian Emperor, [[Constantine I|Flavius Constantinus]], ordered in about 325/326 that the temple be replaced by a church.<ref>The [[Itinerarium Burdigalense|Pilgrim of Bordeaux]] reports in 333: "There, at present, by the command of the Emperor Constantine, has been built a basilica, that is to say, a church of wondrous beauty". ''Itinerarium Burdigalense'', page 594</ref> During the building of the Church Constantine's mother, Helena, is believed to have rediscovered the [[True Cross]], and a tomb (although there are some discrepancies among authors).<ref>Though Eusebius's account makes no mention of Helena's presence at the excavation, nor of the finding of the cross but only the tomb. According to Eusebius, the tomb exhibited "a clear and visible proof" that it was the [[tomb of Jesus]]. Eusebius, ''Life of Constantine'', Chapter 28. {{cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-01/Npnf2 January 1929.htm#P7655_3169703 |title=NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine |publisher=Christian Classics Ethereal Library |date=13 July 2005 |accessdate=7 July 2012}} [[Socrates Scholasticus]] (born c. 380), in his ''Ecclesiastical History,'' gives a full description of the discovery. {{cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-02/Npnf2 February 2006.htm#P394_149362 |title=NPNF2-02. Socrates and Sozomenus Ecclesiastical Histories|publisher=Christian Classics Ethereal Library |date=13 July 2005 |accessdate=7 July 2012}}</ref> [[File:Altar Golgotha.jpg|thumb|150px|Golgotha altar]] |
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In the early 2nd century AD, the site of the present Church had been a pagan temple,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-01/Npnf2 January 1929.htm#P7646_3165242 |title=NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine |publisher=Christian Classics Ethereal Library |date=13 July 2005 |accessdate=7 July 2012}}</ref> although it had been claimed by Christian writers such as [[Eusebius]] that the site had been a Christian place of veneration since the crucifixion.<ref>Eusebius, ''Life of Constantine'', 3:26</ref> The first Christian Emperor, [[Constantine I|Flavius Constantinus]], ordered in about 325/326 that the temple be replaced by a church.<ref>The [[Itinerarium Burdigalense|Pilgrim of Bordeaux]] reports in 333: "There, at present, by the command of the Emperor Constantine, has been built a basilica, that is to say, a church of wondrous beauty". ''Itinerarium Burdigalense'', page 594</ref> During the building of the Church Constantine's mother, Helena, is believed to have rediscovered the [[True Cross]], and a tomb (although there are some discrepancies among authors).<ref>Though Eusebius's account makes no mention of Helena's presence at the excavation, nor of the finding of the cross but only the tomb. According to Eusebius, the tomb exhibited "a clear and visible proof" that it was the [[tomb of Jesus]]. Eusebius, ''Life of Constantine'', Chapter 28. {{cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-01/Npnf2 January 1929.htm#P7655_3169703 |title=NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine |publisher=Christian Classics Ethereal Library |date=13 July 2005 |accessdate=7 July 2012}} [[Socrates Scholasticus]] (born c. 380), in his ''Ecclesiastical History,'' gives a full description of the discovery. {{cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-02/Npnf2 February 2006.htm#P394_149362 |title=NPNF2-02. Socrates and Sozomenus Ecclesiastical Histories|publisher=Christian Classics Ethereal Library |date=13 July 2005 |accessdate=7 July 2012}}</ref> [[File:Altar Golgotha.jpg|thumb|150px|Golgotha altar]] |
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Constantine's church was built as two connected churches over the two different holy sites, including a great [[basilica]] (the ''Martyrium'' visited by [[Egeria (pilgrim)|Egeria]] in the 380s), an enclosed [[colonnade]]d [[atrium (architecture)|atrium]] (the ''Triportico'') with the traditional site of ''Golgotha'' in one corner, and a [[rotunda (architecture)|rotunda]], called the ''Anastasis'' ("Resurrection"), which contained the remains of a [[Rock-cut tombs in ancient Israel|rock-cut room]] that Helena and Macarius identified as the burial site of Jesus. |
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Constantine's church was built as two connected churches over the two different holy sites, including a great [[basilica]] (the ''Martyrium'' visited by [[Egeria (pilgrim)|Egeria]] in the 380s), an enclosed [[colonnade]]d [[atrium (architecture)|atrium]] (the ''Triportico'') with the traditional site of ''Golgotha'' in one corner, and a [[rotunda (architecture)|rotunda]], called the ''Anastasis'' ("Resurrection"), which contained the remains of a [[Rock-cut tombs in ancient Israel|rock-cut room]] that Helena and Macarius identified as the burial site of Jesus. The tomb still has Jesus's body in it and you can visit it today. It is old and molding because the body is so old. The boys has major acne and has blue bruises and nail holes. The hair is still silky smooth though thanks to the wonderful conditioning of Pantene super smooth that Jesus used daily. |
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According to tradition, Constantine arranged for the rockface to be removed from around the tomb, without harming it, in order to isolate the tomb; in the centre of the rotunda is a small building called (in Greek) the ''Kouvouklion''<ref>Kουβούκλιον; Modern Greek for small compartment</ref> or (in Latin) the ''[[Aedicule]]'',<ref>Americans spell this as ''Edicule'' from Latin: ''aediculum'', small building</ref> which supposedly encloses this tomb. <!--Although it is not currently possible to verify the claim, as the remains are completely enveloped by a marble sheath. However, there are several thick window wells extending through the marble sheath, from the interior to the exterior that are not marble clad. They appear to reveal an underlying limestone rock, which may be part of the original living rock of the tomb. The discovery of the [[kokhim]] tombs just beyond the west end of the Church, and more recent archaeological investigation of the rotunda floor, suggest that a narrow [[Spur (topography)|spur]] of at least ten yards length would have had to jut out from the rock face if the contents of the Aedicule were once inside it. --> |
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According to tradition, Constantine arranged for the rockface to be removed from around the tomb, without harming it, in order to isolate the tomb; in the centre of the rotunda is a small building called (in Greek) the ''Kouvouklion''<ref>Kουβούκλιον; Modern Greek for small compartment</ref> or (in Latin) the ''[[Aedicule]]'',<ref>Americans spell this as ''Edicule'' from Latin: ''aediculum'', small building</ref> which supposedly encloses this tomb. <!--Although it is not currently possible to verify the claim, as the remains are completely enveloped by a marble sheath. However, there are several thick window wells extending through the marble sheath, from the interior to the exterior that are not marble clad. They appear to reveal an underlying limestone rock, which may be part of the original living rock of the tomb. The discovery of the [[kokhim]] tombs just beyond the west end of the Church, and more recent archaeological investigation of the rotunda floor, suggest that a narrow [[Spur (topography)|spur]] of at least ten yards length would have had to jut out from the rock face if the contents of the Aedicule were once inside it. --> |