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Rothwell has a population of 21,010,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=6115022&c=rothwell&d=14&e=16&g=383852&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1252500238670&enc=1 |title=Key Figures for 2001 Census: Census Area Statistics|work=Neighbourhood Statistics |publisher=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=10 February 2011}}</ref> and the Rothwell ward has an estimated population of 32,365.<ref>[http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10055131&c_id=10001043 Rothwell UD through time | Administrative history of Local Government District: hierarchies, boundaries]. Visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved on 10 February 2011.</ref> At the 2011 Census only the Leeds Metropolitan Ward remained. This had a population of 20,354.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=13689939&c=Rothwell&d=14&e=62&g=6374121&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1456740955031&enc=1|title=City of Leeds Ward population 2011|accessdate=29 February 2016|publisher=Office for National Statistics|work=Neighbourhood Statistics}}</ref> The town has benefited from recent improvements in the transport infrastructure, most notably the nearby [[A1 road (Great Britain)|A1]]/[[M1 motorway|M1]] link road. Rothwell is part of the [[West Yorkshire Urban Area]]. The nearest railway station is [[Woodlesford railway station|Woodlesford]].