Article: The official state bird of Telangana, India, is the pala pitta, also known as the Indian roller, Coracias benghalensis. This following list of birds is based on the taxonomic treatment of Clements's 5th edition but includes recent revisions with updates relevant for the state based on the list published for undivided Andhra Pradesh.
__NOTOC__ Table of contentsNon-passerines: Grebes • Tropicbirds • Cormorants • Darters • Frigatebirds • Pelicans •
Bitterns, herons and egrets •
Ibises and spoonbills •
Storks • Flamingos •
Ducks, geese and swans •
Osprey •
Hawks, kites and eagles •
Falcons •
Pheasants and partridges •
Cranes •
Rails, crakes, gallinules and coots •
Finfoot • Bustards • Buttonquails • Jacanas • Painted-snipe • Crab-plover • Oystercatchers •
Avocets and stilts •
Thick-knees •
Pratincoles and coursers •
Plovers and lapwings •
Sandpipers and allies •
Gulls • Terns •
Pigeons and doves •
Parrots and allies •
Cuckoos • Barn owls • Typical owls • Nightjars • Swifts • Treeswifts • Trogons • Kingfishers • Bee-eaters • Typical rollers • Hoopoes • Hornbills • Barbets • Woodpeckers and alliesPasserines: Pittas • Larks •
Swallows and martins •
Wagtails and pipits •
Cuckooshrikes • Woodshrikes • Monarch flycatchers • Fantails • Bulbuls • Ioras • Leafbirds • Shrikes •
Thrushes and allies •
Old World flycatchers •
Babblers •
Cisticolas and allies •
Old World warblers •
Titmice • Nuthatches •
Sunbirds and spiderhunters •
Flowerpeckers • White-eyes •
Old World orioles •
Fairy-bluebirds • Drongos • Woodswallows •
Crows, jays, ravens and magpies •
Starlings •
Weavers and allies •
Waxbills and allies •
Buntings •
Siskins, crossbills and allies •
SparrowsSee also References Grebe Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.
Little grebe, Tachybaptus ruficollis
Cormorants Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.
Indian cormorant, Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
Great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo
Little cormorant, Phalacrocorax niger
Darters Order: SuliformesFamily: Anhingidae
Darters are often called "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark-brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.
Oriental darter, Anhinga melanogaster
Pelicans Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae
Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.
Spot-billed pelican, Pelecanus philippensis
Bitterns, herons and egrets
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter-necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.
Grey heron, Ardea cinerea
Purple heron, Ardea purpurea
Eastern great egret, Ardea modesta
Intermediate egret, Egretta intermedia
Western reef heron, Egretta gularis
Little egret, Egretta garzetta
Indian pond-heron, Ardeola grayii
Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis coromandus (Treated as a full species Bubulcus coromandus by Rasmussen and Anderton, 2005 and sometimes called the eastern cattle egret)
Striated heron, Butorides striata
Black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax
Yellow bittern, Ixobrychus sinensis
Cinnamon bittern, Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
Black bittern, Ixobrychus flavicollis
Great bittern, Botaurus stellaris
Ibises and spoonbills Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae
Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.
Black-headed ibis, Threskiornis melanocephalus
Black ibis, Pseudibis papillosa
Glossy ibis, Plegadis falcinellus
Eurasian spoonbill, Platalea leucorodia
Storks Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.
Painted stork, Mycteria leucocephala
Asian openbill, Anastomus oscitans
Black stork, Ciconia nigra
Woolly-necked stork, Ciconia episcopus
White stork, Ciconia ciconia
Lesser adjutant, Leptoptilos javanicus
Black-necked stork, Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
Flamingos Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae
Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.
Greater flamingo, Phoenicopterus roseus
Lesser flamingo, Phoenicopterus minor
Ducks, geese and swans
Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae
Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.
Lesser whistling-duck, Dendrocygna javanica
Fulvous whistling-duck, Dendrocygna bicolor
Bar-headed goose, Anser indicus
Ruddy shelduck, Tadorna ferruginea
Common shelduck, Tadorna tadorna
Knob-billed duck, Sarkidiornis melanotos (also called comb duck)
Cotton pygmy-goose, Nettapus coromandelianus
Eurasian wigeon, Anas penelope
Gadwall, Anas strepera Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos
Eurasian teal, Anas crecca
Spot-billed duck, Anas poecilorhyncha
Northern pintail, Anas acuta
Garganey, Anas querquedula
Northern shoveller, Anas clypeata
Pink-headed duck, Rhodonessa caryophyllacea
Red-crested pochard, Netta rufina
Common pochard, Aythya ferina
Ferruginous pochard, Aythya nyroca
Tufted duck, Aythya fuligula
Osprey Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae
The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.
Osprey, Pandion haliaetus
Hawks, kites and eagles
Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.
Jerdon's baza, Aviceda jerdoni
Black baza, Aviceda leuphotes
Crested honey buzzard, Pernis ptilorhynchus
Black-winged kite, Elanus caeruleus
Black kite, Milvus migrans
Black-eared kite, Milvus migrans
Brahminy kite, Haliastur indus
White-bellied sea eagle, Haliaeetus leucogaster
Grey-headed fish-eagle, Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus
Egyptian vulture, Neophron percnopterus
White-rumped vulture, Gyps bengalensis
Indian vulture, Gyps indicus
Griffon vulture, Gyps fulvus
Cinereous vulture, Aegypius monachus
Red-headed vulture, Sarcogyps calvus
Short-toed snake eagle, Circaetus gallicus
Crested serpent eagle, Spilornis cheela
Western marsh harrier, Circus aeruginosus
Northern harrier, Circus cyaneus (also known as the hen harrier)
Pallid harrier, Circus macrourus
Pied harrier, Circus melanoleucos
Montagu's harrier, Circus pygargus
Crested goshawk, Accipiter trivirgatus
Shikra, Accipiter badius Besra, Accipiter virgatus
Eurasian sparrowhawk, Accipiter nisus
Japanese sparrowhawk
White-eyed buzzard, Butastur teesa
Long-legged buzzard
Black eagle, Ictinaetus malayensis
Indian spotted eagle, Aquila hastata (earlier treated as A. pomarina hastata)
Greater spotted eagle, Aquila clanga
Tawny eagle, Aquila rapax
Bonelli's eagle, Aquila fasciata
Booted eagle, Hieraaetus pennatus
Rufous-bellied eagle, Lophotriorchis kienerii
Crested hawk-eagle, Nisaetus cirrhatus (Spizaetus restricted to the neotropics by Gjershaug et al., 2008)
Falcons Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.
Lesser kestrel, Falco naumanni
Eurasian kestrel, Falco tinnunculus
Amur falcon, Falco amurensis
Eurasian hobby, Falco subbuteo
Red-necked falcon, Falco chiquera
Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus (includes shaheen falcon also)
Laggar falcon, Falco jugger
Pheasants and partridges Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings.
Grey francolin, Francolinus pondicerianus
Painted francolin Common quail
Rain quail, Coturnix coromandelica
Blue-breasted quail
Jungle bush-quail, Perdicula asiatica
Rock bush-quail, Perdicula argoondah
Painted bush-quail, Perdicula erythrorhyncha
Red spurfowl, Galloperdix spadicea
Painted spurfowl, Galloperdix lunulata
Red junglefowl
Grey junglefowl, Gallus sonneratii
Indian peafowl, Pavo cristatus
Cranes Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".
sarus crane
Demoiselle crane, Anthropoides virgo
Common crane, Grus grus
Rails, crakes, gallinules and coots
Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.
Slaty-legged crake, Rallina eurizonoides
Slaty-breasted rail, Gallirallus striatus
Eastern water rail, Rallus indicus
Brown crake, Amaurornis akool
White-breasted waterhen, Amaurornis phoenicurus
Baillon's crake, Porzana pusilla
Ruddy-breasted crake, Porzana fusca
Watercock, Gallicrex cinerea
Purple swamphen, Porphyrio porphyrio (ssp. P. p. poliocephalus raised to species by Rasmussen and Anderton, 2005)
Common moorhen, Gallinula chloropus
Eurasian coot, Fulica atra
Bustards Order: OtidiformesFamily: Otididae
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.
Indian bustard, Ardeotis nigriceps
Lesser florican, Sypheotides indicus (syn. Eupodotis indica)
Buttonquails Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Turnicidae
The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.
Small buttonquail, Turnix sylvaticus
Yellow-legged buttonquail, Turnix tanki
Barred buttonquail, Turnix suscitator
Jacanas Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Jacanidae
The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.
Pheasant-tailed jacana, Hydrophasianus chirurgus
Bronze-winged jacana, Metopidius indicus
Painted-snipe Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae
Painted-snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India and Andhra Pradesh.
Greater painted-snipe, Rostratula benghalensis
Avocets and stilts Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India and Andhra Pradesh.
Black-winged stilt, Himantopus himantopus
Pied avocet, Recurvirostra avosetta
Thick-knees Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.
Indian stone-curlew, Burhinus indicus
Great thick-knee, Esacus recurvirostris
Pratincoles and coursers Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long, pointed wings and long, forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.
Indian courser
Jerdon's courser Rhinoptilus bitorquatus
Oriental pratincole, Glareola maldivarum
Small pratincole, Glareola lactea
Plovers and lapwings Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.
Yellow-wattled lapwing, Vanellus malabaricus
Grey-headed lapwing, Vanellus cinereus
Red-wattled lapwing, Vanellus indicus
River lapwing Sociable lapwing
Pacific golden-plover, Pluvialis fulva
Grey plover, Pluvialis squatarola
Ringed plover, Charadrius hiaticula (also known as the common ringed plover)
Little ringed plover, Charadrius dubius
Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus
Lesser sandplover, Charadrius mongolus
Greater sandplover, Charadrius leschenaultii
Sandpipers and allies Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.
Eurasian woodcock, Scolopax rusticola
Wood snipe
Jack snipe, Lymnocryptes minimus
Pintail snipe, Gallinago stenura
Common snipe, Gallinago gallinago
Black-tailed godwit, Limosa limosa
Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus
Eurasian curlew, Numenius arquata
Spotted redshank, Tringa erythropus
Common redshank, Tringa totanus
Marsh sandpiper, Tringa stagnatilis
Common greenshank, Tringa nebularia
Green sandpiper, Tringa ochropus
Wood sandpiper, Tringa glareola
Terek sandpiper, Xenus cinereus
Common sandpiper, Actitis hypoleucos
Ruddy turnstone, Arenaria interpres
Red knot
Great knot, Calidris tenuirostris
Sanderling, Calidris alba
Little stint, Calidris minuta
Temminck's stint, Calidris temminckii
Curlew sandpiper, Calidris ferruginea
Dunlin, Calidris alpina Ruff, Philomachus pugnax Gulls Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae
Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.
Heuglin's gull, Larus heuglini
Great black-headed gull, Larus ichthyaetus
Brown-headed gull, Larus brunnicephalus
Black-headed gull, Larus ridibundus
Slender-billed gull, Larus genei
Terns Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Sternidae
Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.
Gull-billed tern, Gelochelidon nilotica
Caspian tern, Hydroprogne caspia
River tern, Sterna aurantia
Common tern, Sterna hirundo
Little tern, Sterna albifrons
Black-bellied tern, Sterna acuticauda
Sooty tern, Sterna fuscata
Whiskered tern, Chlidonias hybrida
White-winged tern, Chlidonias leucopterus
Indian skimmer Pigeons and doves Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
Chestnut-bellied sandgrouse Painted sandgrouse
Rock pigeon, Columba livia
Oriental turtle dove, Streptopelia orientalis
Red collared-dove
Eurasian collared-dove, Streptopelia decaocto
Spotted dove, Streptopelia chinensis
Laughing dove, Streptopelia senegalensis
Emerald dove, Chalcophaps indica
Orange-breasted green pigeon, Treron bicinctus
Yellow-footed green pigeon, Treron phoenicopterus
Green imperial pigeon, Ducula aenea
Parrots and allies Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittaculidae
Alexandrine parakeet, Psittacula eupatria
Rose-ringed parakeet, Psittacula krameri
Plum-headed parakeet, Psittacula cyanocephala
Vernal hanging parrot, Loriculus vernalis
Cuckoos Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Many are brood parasites.
Pied cuckoo, Clamator jacobinus
Chestnut-winged cuckoo, Clamator coromandus
Large hawk-cuckoo, Hierococcyx sparverioides
Common hawk-cuckoo, Hierococcyx varius
Indian cuckoo, Cuculus micropterus
Common cuckoo, Cuculus canorus
Lesser cuckoo, Cuculus poliocephalus
Banded bay cuckoo, Cacomantis sonneratii
Plaintive cuckoo, Cacomantis merulinus
Grey-bellied cuckoo, Cacomantis passerinus
Fork-tailed drongo-cuckoo, Surniculus lugubris dicruroides
Asian koel, Eudynamys scolopaceus
Blue-faced malkoha, Phaenicophaeus viridirostris
Sirkeer malkoha, Taccocua leschenaultii
Greater coucal, Centropus sinensis
Barn owls Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India and in Andhra Pradesh.
Australasian grass-owl, Tyto longimembris (also known as the eastern grass owl)
Barn owl, Tyto alba
Typical owls Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae
The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.
Indian scops-owl, Otus bakkamoena
Oriental scops-owl, Otus sunia
Rock eagle-owl, Bubo bengalensis
Spot-bellied eagle-owl, Bubo nipalensis
Brown fish-owl, Ketupa zeylonensis
Mottled wood owl, Strix ocellata
Brown wood owl, Strix leptogrammica
Jungle owlet, Glaucidium radiatum
Spotted owlet, Athene brama
Brown hawk-owl, Ninox scutulata
Short-eared owl, Asio flammeus
Nightjars Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.
Great eared-nightjar, Eurostopodus macrotis
Jungle nightjar, Caprimulgus indicus
Large-tailed nightjar, Caprimulgus macrurus
Jerdon's nightjar, Caprimulgus atripennis
Indian nightjar, Caprimulgus asiaticus
Savanna nightjar, Caprimulgus affinis
Swifts Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae
Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang. T
White-rumped needletail, Zoonavena sylvatica
Asian palm-swift, Cypsiurus balasiensis
Alpine swift, Tachymarptis melba
Fork-tailed swift, Apus pacificus
Little swift, Apus affinis
Treeswifts Order: ApodiformesFamily: Hemiprocnidae
The treeswifts, also called crested swifts, are closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the other swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and softer plumage.
Crested treeswift, Hemiprocne coronata
Trogons Order: TrogoniformesFamily: Trogonidae
The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage.
Malabar trogon, Harpactes fasciatus
Kingfishers Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.
Common kingfisher, Alcedo atthis
Blue-eared kingfisher, Alcedo meninting
Stork-billed kingfisher, Pelargopsis capensis
White-throated kingfisher, Halcyon smyrnensis
Black-capped kingfisher, Halcyon pileata
Pied kingfisher, Ceryle rudis
Bee-eaters Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in India and 4 in Andhra Pradesh.
Blue-bearded bee-eater, Nyctyornis athertoni
Green bee-eater, Merops orientalis
Blue-tailed bee-eater, Merops philippinus
Chestnut-headed bee-eater, Merops leschenaulti
Typical rollers Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India and also Andhra Pradesh.
European roller, Coracias garrulus
Indian roller, Coracias benghalensis
Hoopoes Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Upupidae
Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.
Hoopoe, Upupa epops Hornbills Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Bucerotidae
Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured.
Indian grey hornbill, Ocyceros birostris
Malabar pied hornbill, Anthracoceros coronatus
Oriental pied hornbill, Anthracoceros albirostris
Barbets Order: PiciformesFamily: Megalaimidae
The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured.
Brown-headed barbet, Psilopogon zeylanicus
White-cheeked barbet, Psilopogon viridis
Coppersmith barbet, Psilopogon haemacephalus
Woodpeckers and allies Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.
Eurasian wryneck, Jynx torquilla
Speckled piculet, Picumnus innominatus
Brown-capped pygmy woodpecker, Dendrocopos nanus (also known as the brown-capped pygmy woodpecker)
Yellow-crowned woodpecker, Dendrocopos mahrattensis
Fulvous-breasted woodpecker
Rufous woodpecker, Celeus brachyurus
White-bellied woodpecker, Dryocopus javensis
Lesser yellownape, Picus chlorolophus
Greater yellownape, Picus flavinucha
Streak-throated woodpecker, Picus xanthopygaeus
Himalayan flameback, Dinopium shorii
Black-rumped flameback, Dinopium benghalense
White-naped woodpecker, Chrysocolaptes festivus
Greater flameback, Chrysocolaptes lucidus
Heart-spotted woodpecker, Hemicircus canente
Pittas Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pittidae
Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards and are stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrates.
Indian pitta, Pitta brachyura
Larks Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.
Singing bushlark Indian bushlark
Jerdon's bushlark, Mirafra affinis
Ashy-crowned sparrow-lark, Eremopterix griseus
Rufous-tailed lark, Ammomanes phoenicura
Greater short-toed lark, Calandrella brachydactyla
Sykes's lark, Galerida deva
Oriental skylark, Alauda gulgula
Swallows and martins Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.
Grey-throated sand-martin, Riparia chinensis (Usually treated under brown-throated martin, Riparia paludicola)
Dusky crag-martin, Ptyonoprogne concolor
Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica
Wire-tailed swallow, Hirundo smithii
Red-rumped swallow, Cecropis daurica
Streak-throated swallow, Hirundo fluvicola
Asian house martin, Delichon dasypus
Wagtails and pipits Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.
Forest wagtail, Dendronanthus indicus
White wagtail, Motacilla alba
White-browed wagtail, Motacilla maderaspatensis
Citrine wagtail, Motacilla citreola
Yellow wagtail, Motacilla flava
Grey wagtail, Motacilla cinerea
Paddy-field pipit, Anthus rufulus (Also known as Oriental pipit)
Tawny pipit, Anthus campestris
Blyth's pipit, Anthus godlewskii
Richard's pipit, Anthus richardi
Olive-backed pipit, Anthus hodgsoni
Tree pipit Cuckooshrikes Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae
The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured.
Large cuckooshrike, Coracina macei
Black-headed cuckooshrike, Coracina melanoptera
Black-winged cuckooshrike
Ashy minivet, Pericrocotus divaricatus
Rosy minivet
Small minivet, Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
Scarlet minivet, Pericrocotus speciosus
White-bellied minivet
Bar-winged flycatcher-shrike, Hemipus picatus
Woodshrikes Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prionopidae
The woodshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes.
Large woodshrike, Tephrodornis gularis
Common woodshrike, Tephrodornis pondicerianus
Monarch flycatchers Order: PasseriformesFamily: Monarchidae
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by flycatching.
Black-naped monarch, Hypothymis azurea
Indian paradise flycatcher, Terpsiphone paradisi
Fantails Order: PasseriformesFamily: Rhipiduridae
The fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders.
White-browed fantail, Rhipidura aureola
White-spotted fantail White-throated fantail Bulbuls Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throats or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.
Black-crested bulbul, Pycnonotus flaviventris
Red-whiskered bulbul, Pycnonotus jocosus
Red-vented bulbul, Pycnonotus cafer
Yellow-throated bulbul, Pycnonotus xantholaemus
White-browed bulbul, Pycnonotus luteolus
Yellow-browed bulbul, Iole indica
Ioras Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithinidae
The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in colouration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens.
Common iora, Aegithina tiphia
Marshall's iora Leafbirds Order: PasseriformesFamily: Chloropseidae
The leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows.
Jerdon's leafbird, Chloropsis jerdoni (Split by Rasmussen and Anderton, 2005)
Golden-fronted leafbird, Chloropsis aurifrons
Shrikes Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.
Brown shrike, Lanius cristatus (Including Philippine shrike, L. c. lucionensis also)
Bay-backed shrike, Lanius vittatus
Long-tailed shrike, Lanius schach
Southern grey shrike Thrushes and allies Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.
Blue-capped rock thrush, Monticola cinclorhynchus
Blue rock thrush, Monticola solitarius
Pied thrush, Zoothera wardii
Orange-headed thrush, Zoothera citrina (including the white-throated ground-thrush, Zoothera citrina cyanotus)
Scaly thrush
Indian blackbird, Turdus simillimus (Elevated to species by Rasmussen and Anderton, 2005. Include black-capped blackbird T. s. nigropileus)
Tickell's thrush Black-throated thrush
Malabar whistling thrush, Myophonus horsfieldii
Old World flycatchers Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.
Asian brown flycatcher, Muscicapa dauurica
Rusty-tailed flycatcher, Muscicapa ruficauda
Brown-breasted flycatcher, Muscicapa muttui
Red-breasted flycatcher, Ficedula parva
Taiga flycatcher, Ficedula albicilla
Kashmir flycatcher, Ficedula subrubra
Little pied flycatcher Ultramarine flycatcher
Verditer flycatcher, Eumyias thalassinus
Blue-throated flycatcher, Cyornis rubeculoides
Pale-chinned blue flycatcher
Tickell's blue flycatcher, Cyornis tickelliae
Grey-headed canary-flycatcher, Culicicapa ceylonensis
Bluethroat, Luscinia svecica (Includes both nominate and saturatior races)
Indian blue robin, Luscinia brunnea
Oriental magpie-robin, Copsychus saularis
White-rumped shama, Copsychus malabaricus
Indian robin, Saxicoloides fulicatus
Black redstart, Phoenicurus ochruros
Siberian stonechat, Saxicola maurus
Pied bushchat, Saxicola caprata
Desert wheatear, Oenanthe deserti
Isabelline wheatear, Oenanthe isabellina
Babblers Order: PasseriformesFamily: Timaliidae
The babblers, or timaliids, are somewhat diverse in size and colouration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide and 117 species which occur in India. India has the largest number of babblers of any country and this represents the largest bird family grouping in any country outside of South America.
Puff-throated babbler, Pellorneum ruficeps
Abbott's babbler Rufous-fronted babbler
Indian scimitar-babbler, Pomatorhinus horsfieldii
Tawny-bellied babbler, Dumetia hyperythra
Yellow-eyed babbler, Chrysomma sinense
Striped tit-babbler
Jungle babbler, Turdoides striata
Large grey babbler Common babbler
Yellow-billed babbler, Turdoides affinis
Quaker babbler, Alcippe poioicephala (Also known as brown-cheeked fulvetta)
Cisticolas and allies Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.
Zitting cisticola, Cisticola juncidis
Rufescent prinia Rufous-fronted prinia
Grey-breasted prinia, Prinia hodgsonii
Jungle prinia, Prinia sylvatica
Ashy prinia, Prinia socialis
Plain prinia, Prinia inornata
Old World warblers Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.
Pale-footed bush-warbler
Grasshopper warbler, Locustella naevia
Paddyfield warbler, Acrocephalus agricola
Blyth's reed-warbler, Acrocephalus dumetorum
Clamorous reed-warbler, Acrocephalus stentoreus
Thick-billed warbler, Iduna aedon
Booted warbler, Iduna caligata
Sykes's warbler, Iduna rama
Common tailorbird, Orthotomus sutorius
Sulphur-bellied warbler
Tickell's leaf-warbler, Phylloscopus affinis
Yellow-browed warbler Hume's warbler
Greenish warbler, Phylloscopus trochiloides
Large-billed leaf-warbler, Phylloscopus magnirostris
Western crowned leaf-warbler, Phylloscopus occipitalis
Green-crowned warbler
Bristled grassbird, Chaetornis striatus
Broad-tailed grassbird, Schoenicola platyura
Hume's whitethroat, Sylvia althaea
Lesser whitethroat, Sylvia curruca
Eastern Orphean warbler, Sylvia crassirostris
Titmice Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.
Cinereous tit, Parus cinereus
Indian yellow tit, Parus aplonotus (Sometimes considered conspecific with the black-lored tit)
White-naped tit Nuthatches Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.
Indian nuthatch, Sitta castanea (Split by Rasmussen & Anderton, 2005)
Velvet-fronted nuthatch, Sitta frontalis
Spotted creeper Sunbirds and spiderhunters Order: PasseriformesFamily: Nectariniidae
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed.
Ruby-cheeked sunbird
Purple-rumped sunbird, Leptocoma zeylonica
Crimson sunbird
Purple sunbird, Cinnyris asiaticus
Long-billed sunbird, Cinnyris lotenius (Also known as Loten's sunbird)
Little spiderhunter, Arachnothera longirostra
Flowerpeckers Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicaeidae
The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues.
Thick-billed flowerpecker, Dicaeum agile
Pale-billed flowerpecker, Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
White-eyes Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae
The white-eyes are small and mostly undistinguished, their plumage above being generally some dull colour like greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.
Oriental white-eye, Zosterops palpebrosus
Old World orioles Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae
The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in India and 3 in Andhra Pradesh.
Indian golden oriole, Oriolus kundoo (Split suggested from European golden oriole.)
Black-naped oriole, Oriolus chinensis
Black-hooded oriole, Oriolus xanthornus
Fairy-bluebirds Order: PasseriformesFamily: Irenidae
The fairy-bluebirds are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green.
Asian fairy-bluebird, Irena puella
Drongos Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicruridae
The drongos are mostly black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright when perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground.
Black drongo, Dicrurus macrocercus
Ashy drongo, Dicrurus leucophaeus
White-bellied drongo, Dicrurus caerulescens
Bronzed drongo, Dicrurus aeneus
Hair-crested drongo, Dicrurus hottentottus
Greater racket-tailed drongo, Dicrurus paradiseus
Woodswallows Order: PasseriformesFamily: Artamidae
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.
Ashy woodswallow, Artamus fuscus
Crows, jays, ravens and magpies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.
Grey treepie
Rufous treepie, Dendrocitta vagabunda
White-bellied treepie, Dendrocitta leucogastra
House crow, Corvus splendens
Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos
Indian jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos culminatus
Starlings Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.
Common hill myna, Gracula religiosa
Jungle myna, Acridotheres fuscus
Common myna, Acridotheres tristis
Bank myna
Chestnut-tailed starling, Sturnia malabarica
Brahminy starling, Sturnia pagodarum
Asian pied starling Common starling
Rosy starling, Sturnus roseus
Weavers and allies Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season.
Streaked weaver, Ploceus manyar
Baya weaver, Ploceus philippinus
Black-breasted weaver Waxbills and allies Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.
Red avadavat, Amandava amandava
Green avadavat
White-throated munia, Euodice malabarica
White-rumped munia, Lonchura striata
Black-throated munia, Lonchura kelaarti
Scaly-breasted munia, Lonchura punctulata
Tricoloured munia, Lonchura malacca
Buntings Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. In Europe, most species are called buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.
Grey-hooded bunting, Emberiza buchanani (Also known as Grey-necked bunting)
Black-headed bunting, Emberiza melanocephala
Red-headed bunting, Emberiza bruniceps
Siskins, crossbills and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.
Common rosefinch, Carpodacus erythrinus
Sparrows Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae
Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.
House sparrow, Passer domesticus
Eurasian tree sparrow
Yellow-throated sparrow, Petronia xanthocollis
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Bird Orders and Families
The biggest trouble I found with reading about species, genus, families and orders of birds was what type of bird is it really, and, to have an easy to understand English way of describing them. This
document is my first effort at trying to achieve this. To search the text for what you require, use: Ctrl-F in any browser to bring up the inline search tool. This data has been collated from the resources of
Wikipedia .
The document is formatted as such:
Order
Common English Name of Family
Family: Name in Latin
Description of Family Tinamiformes Tinamous Family: Tinamidae
The tinamous are one of the most ancient groups of bird. Although they look similar to other ground-dwelling birds like quail and grouse, they have no close relatives and are classified as a single family Tinamidae within their own order, the Tinamiformes. They are distantly related to the ratites (order Struthioniformes), that includes the rheas, emu, and kiwi. There are 47 species worldwide.
Struthioniformes Ostriches Family: Struthionidae
The Ostrich is a flightless bird native to Africa. It is the largest living species of bird. It is distinctive in its appearance, with a long neck and legs and the ability to run at high speeds. There are 2 species worldwide.
Rheiformes Rheas Family: Rheidae
The rheas are large flightless birds native to South America. Their feet have three toes rather than four which allows them to run faster. There are 2 species worldwide.
Casuariiformes Cassowaries Family: Casuariidae
The cassowaries are large flightless birds native to Australia and New Guinea of which there are 3 species.
Emu Family: Dromaiidae
The Emu is the largest bird native to Australia and the only extant member of the genus Dromaius. It is the second-largest extant bird in the world by height, after its ratite relative, the ostrich. There are three subspecies of Emus in Australia. The Emu is common over most of mainland Australia, although it avoids heavily populated areas, dense forest, and arid areas.
Apterygiformes Kiwis Family: Apterygidae
Kiwi are flightless birds endemic to New Zealand. At around the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living ratites and lay the largest egg in relation to their body size of any species of bird in the world. There are five recognised species, all of which are endangered.
Galliformes Megapodes Family: Megapodiidae
The Megapodiidae are stocky, medium-large chicken-like birds with small heads and large feet. All but the Malleefowl occupy jungle habitats, and most have brown or black colouring. There are 21 species worldwide.
Curassows, Guans and Chachalacas
Family: Cracidae
The Cracidae are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colourful facial ornaments. There are 50 species worldwide.
Guineafowl Family: Numididae
Guineafowl are a group of African, seed-eating, ground-nesting birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage. There are 6 species worldwide.
New World Quails Family: Odontophoridae
The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. There are 32 species worldwide, all found only in the Americas.
Pheasants, Fowl and Allies
Family: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae is a family of birds which consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds, or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.
Anseriformes Screamers Family: Anhimidae
The screamers are a small family of birds related to the ducks. They are large, bulky birds, with a small downy head, long legs and large feet which are only partially webbed. They have large spurs on their wings which are used in fights over mates and territorial disputes. There are 3 species worldwide.
Magpie Goose Family: Anseranatidae
The family contains a single species, the Magpie Goose. It was an early and distinctive offshoot of the anseriform family tree, diverging after screamers and before all other ducks, geese and swans, sometime in the late Cretaceous.
Ducks, Geese and Swans
Family: Anatidae
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide.
Gaviiformes Loons Family: Gaviidae
Divers are a group of aquatic birds found in many parts of North America (where they are known as Loons) and northern Europe. They are the size of a large duck or small goose, which they somewhat resemble in shape when swimming, but they are completely unrelated to these waterfowl. In particular, Divers' legs are set very far back which assists swimming underwater but makes walking on land extremely difficult. There are 5 species worldwide.
Sphenisciformes Penguins Family: Spheniscidae
The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater. There are seventeen species worldwide.
Procellariiformes Albatrosses Family: Diomedeidae
Albatrosses are very large, long-lived seabirds of very high aspect-ratio which frequent the Southern Ocean. Any such birds seen in N.Atlantic waters will thus be Vagrants. 21 species are recognised.
Shearwaters and Petrels Family: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with a medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species worldwide.
Storm Petrels Family: Hydrobatidae
The storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels, and are the smallest of sea-birds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 21 species worldwide.
Diving-Petrels Family: Pelecanoididae
The diving petrels are small auk-like birds found in the southern oceans. They feed on krill, copepods and small fish and squid. There are 4 species worldwide.
Podicipediformes Grebes Family: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide.
Phoenicopteriformes Flamingos Family: Phoenicopteridae
Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down. There are 6 species worldwide.
Phaethontiformes Tropicbirds Family: Phaethontidae
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings. There are 3 species worldwide.
Ciconiiformes Storks Family: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide.
Pelecaniformes Ibises and Spoonbills Family: Threskiornithidae
The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide.
Bitterns, Herons and Egrets
Family: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide.
Hamerkop Family: Scopidae
Its plumage is a drab brown with purple iridescence on the back. The bill is long, flat, and slightly hooked. It looks similar to those of the Shoebill and the Boat-billed Heron. The Hamerkop only occurs in Africa and has only 1 species worldwide.
Shoebill Family: Balaenicipitidae
The Shoebill is a large bird related to the storks. It derives its name from its massive shoe-shaped bill.
Pelicans Family: Pelecanidae
Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide.
Suliformes Frigatebirds Family: Fregatidae
Frigate Birds are large seabirds from the tropics with a very high aspect ratio. These birds do not swim and cannot walk well, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Any such bird seen in N.European waters will be a Vagrant. There are 5 species worldwide.
Boobies and Gannets Family: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide.
Cormorants and Shags Family: Phalacrocoracidae
The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage. There are 38 species worldwide.
Anhingas and Darters Family: Anhingidae
Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide.
Accipitriformes New World Vultures Family: Cathartidae
The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carrion. There are 7 species worldwide, all of which are found only in the Americas.
Secretarybird Family: Sagittariidae
The Secretarybird or Secretary Bird (Sagittarius serpentarius) is a large, mostly terrestrial bird of prey. Endemic to Africa, it is usually found in the open grasslands and savannah of the sub-Sahara. Although a member of the order Accipitriformes, which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, buzzards, vultures, and harriers, it is given its own family, Sagittariidae.
Ospreys Family: Pandionidae
The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.
Hawks, Kites and Eagles
Family: Accipitridae
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide.
Falconiformes Caracaras and Falcons Family: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide.
Otidiformes Bustards Family: Otididae
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips, and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. There are 26 species worldwide.
Mesitornithiformes Mesites Family: Mesitornithidae
The mesites (Mesitornithidae) are a family of birds of uncertain affinities. They are smallish, near flightless birds endemic to Madagascar. Generally brownish with paler undersides, they are of somewhat pheasant-like appearance. There are 3 species worldwide.
Cariamiformes Seriemas Family: Cariamidae
The seriemas are terrestrial birds which run rather than fly (though they are able to fly for short distances.) They have long legs, necks, and tails, but only short wings, reflecting their way of life. They are brownish birds with short bills and erectile crests, found on fairly dry open grasslands. There are 2 species worldwide.
Eurypygiformes Kagu Family: Rhynochetidae
The Kagu is a crested, long-legged, and bluish-grey bird endemic to the dense mountain forests of New Caledonia. Almost flightless, it a spends its time on or near the ground, where it hunts its invertebrate prey, and builds a nest of sticks on the forest floor. There is 1 species worldwide.
Sunbittern Family: Eurypygidae
The Sunbittern is a bittern-like bird of tropical regions of the Americas, and the sole member of the family Eurypygidae.
Gruiformes Flufftails Family: Sarothruridae
The genus is restricted to seven species distributed across sub-Saharan Africa, and two species found in Madagascar. The group's common name is derived from the short tail which has degraded fluffy feathers. There are 9 species worldwide.
Finfoots Family: Heliornithidae
The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide.
Rails, Gallinules and Coots
Family: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide.
Trumpeters Family: Psophiidae
The trumpeters are dumpy birds with long necks and legs, and chicken-like bills. They are named for the trumpeting call of the males. There are 3 species worldwide.
Cranes Family: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide.
Limpkin Family: Aramidae
The Limpkin resembles a large rail. It has drab brown plumage and a greyer head and neck. It is found mostly in wetlands in warm parts of the Americas, from Florida to northern Argentina. It feeds on molluscs, with the diet dominated by apple snails of the genus Pomacea. Its name derives from its seeming limp when it walks. There is only 1 species worldwide.
Charadriiformes Buttonquail Family: Turnicidae
The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide.
Stone-curlews and Thick-knees Family: Burhinidae
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide.
Sheathbills Family: Chionidae
The sheathbills are scavengers of the Antarctic regions. They have white plumage, and look plump and dove-like, but are believed to be similar to the ancestors of the modern gulls and terns. There are 2 species worldwide.
Magellanic Plover Family: Pluvianellidae
The Magellanic Plover is a rare wader found only in southernmost South America. In its build and habits it is similar to a turnstone. Its upperparts and breast are pale grey, and the rest of the underparts are white. It has short red legs, a black bill and a red eye. In young birds, the eyes and legs are yellowish in colour.
Oystercatchers Family: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide.
Crab-plover Family: Dromadidae
The Crab Plover is related to the waders. It resembles a plover but with very long grey legs and a strong heavy black bill similar to a tern. It has black and white plumage, a long neck, partially webbed feet and a bill designed for eating crabs. Only 1 species worldwide.
Ibisbill Family: Ibidorhynchidae
The Ibisbill is a bird related to the waders, but sufficiently distinctive to merit its own family. The adult is grey with a white belly, red legs and long down curved bill, and a black face and black breast band.
Avocets and Stilts Family: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide.
Plovers and Lapwings Family: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide.
Egyptian Plover Family: Pluvianidae
This usually very tame bird is found in pairs or small groups near water. It feeds by pecking for insects. It is also sometimes referred to as the Crocodile Bird because it is famous for its symbiotic relationship with crocodiles. There is only 1 species worldwide.
Painted Snipes Family: Rostratulidae
Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide.
Jacanas Family: Jacanidae
The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There are 8 species worldwide.
Plains-wanderer Family: Pedionomidae
The Plains-wanderer or Plains Wanderer, is the only representative of its family. It is endemic to Australia and is a quail-like ground bird. The majority of the remaining population are found in the Riverina region of New South Wales.
Seedsnipes Family: Thinocoridae
The seedsnipes are a small family of birds that superficially resemble sparrows. They have short legs and long wings and are herbivorous waders. There are 4 species worldwide.
Sandpipers and Snipes Family: Scolopacidae
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide.
Pratincoles and Coursers Family: Glareolidae
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide.
Gulls Family: Laridae
Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide.
Terns Family: Sternidae
Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide.
Skimmers Family: Rynchopidae
Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide.
Skuas Family: Stercorariidae
The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large sea birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide.
Auks Family: Alcidae
A family of seabirds which are superficially similar to penguins with their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits but which are able to fly. There are about 23 species worldwide.
Pteroclidiformes Sandgrouse Family: Pteroclidae
Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes. There are 16 species worldwide.
Columbiformes Pigeons and Doves Family: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide.
Psittaciformes New Zealand Parrots Family: Strigopidae
The Strigopidae are endemic to New Zealand while two extinct species were found at the nearby oceanic islands like Chatham Island of New Zealand, and Norfolk Island and Phillip Island of Australia. There are 3 surviving species which are all threatened.
Cockatoos Family: Cacatuidae
The family has a mainly Australasian distribution, ranging from the Philippines and the eastern Indonesian islands of Wallacea to New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Australia. A cockatoo is any of the 21 species belonging to the bird family Cacatuidae.
Parrots and Parakeets Family: Psittacidae
Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide.
Opisthocomiformes Hoatzin Family: Opisthocomidae
The Hoatzin is a species of tropical bird found in swamps, riverine forest and mangrove of the Amazon and the Orinoco delta in South America. It is notable for having chicks that possess claws on two of their wing digits. It is only species in the family.
Musophagiformes Turacos Family: Musophagidae
The turacos, plantain eaters and go-away birds make up the bird family Musophagidae. They are medium-sized arboreal birds. The turacos and plantain eaters are brightly coloured birds, usually blue, green or purple. The go-away birds are mostly grey and white. There are 23 species worldwide.
Cuculiformes Cuckoos Family: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide.
Strigiformes Barn owls Family: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium-sized to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are about 16 species worldwide.
Typical Owls Family: Strigidae
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disc. There are about 199 species worldwide.
Caprimulgiformes Frogmouths Family: Podargidae
The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bills and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects. There are 12 species worldwide.
Oilbirds Family: Steatornithidae
The Oilbird is a slim, long-winged bird related to the nightjars. It is nocturnal and a specialist feeder on the fruit of the Oil palm.
Potoos Family: Nyctibiidae
The potoos (sometimes called Poor-Me-Ones) are large near passerine birds related to the nightjars and frogmouths. They are nocturnal insectivores which lack the bristles around the mouth found in the true nightjars. There are 5 species, all of which are from the South American tropical region.
Nightjars Family: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide.
Apodiformes Owlet-nightjars Family: Aegothelidae
The owlet-nightjars are small nocturnal birds related to the nightjars and frogmouths. They are insectivores which hunt mostly in the air. Their soft plumage is a mixture of browns and paler shades. There are 9 species worldwide.
Treeswifts Family: Hemiprocnidae
The treeswifts or crested swifts are aerial near passerine birds, closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the other swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and softer plumage. There are 4 species worldwide.
Swifts Family: Apodidae
Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide.
Hummingbirds Family: Trochilidae
Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. There are 337 species worldwide.
Coliiformes Mousebirds Family: Coliidae
The mousebirds are slender greyish or brown birds with soft, hairlike body feathers and very long thin tails. They are arboreal and scurry through the leaves like rodents in search of berries, fruit and buds. They are acrobatic, and can feed upside down. All species have strong claws and reversible outer toes. They also have crests and stubby bills. There are 6 species worldwide.
Trogoniformes Trogons Family: Trogonidae
The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide.
Leptosomiformes Cuckoo Roller Family: Leptosomidae
The Cuckoo-roller is an insectivorous medium-sized bird of the forests of Madagascar and the Comoros. Unlike the true rollers and ground rollers, where the sexes have identical appearance, the male and female Cuckoo Roller have distinctive plumages. Males are mostly velvety grey. The back, tail, and wings are dark shiny green. They have a black eyestripe. Females and young birds are mostly brown marked with darker streaks. There is 1 species worldwide.
Coraciiformes Rollers Family: Coraciidae
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide.
Ground Rollers Family: Brachypteraciidae
The ground-roller are a small family of non-migratory near-passerine birds. They resemble the true rollers. All 5 species are found only in Madagascar.
Kingfishers Family: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide.
Todies Family: Todidae
Todies are a group of small near passerine forest species of endemic to the Caribbean. These birds have colourful plumage and resemble small kingfishers, but with flattened bills with serrated edges. They eat small prey such as insects and lizards. There are 5 species worldwide.
Motmots Family: Momotidae
The motmots have colorful plumage and long, graduated tails, which they display by waggling back and forth. In most of the species, the barbs near the ends of the two longest (central) tail feathers are weak and fall off, leaving a length of bare shaft, and creating a racket-shaped tail. There are 10 species worldwide.
Bee-eaters Family: Meropidae
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide.
Bucerotiformes Hoopoes Family: Upupidae
Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide.
Wood Hoopoes Family: Phoeniculidae
The woodhoopoes are related to the kingfishers, rollers and hoopoe. They most resemble the last species with their long curved bills, used for probing for insects, and short rounded wings. However, they differ in that they have metallic plumage, often blue, green or purple, and lack an erectile crest. There are 8 species worldwide.
Hornbills Family: Bucerotidae
Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide.
Ground Hornbills Family: Bucorvidae
Ground hornbills are large, with adults around a metre tall. Both species are ground-dwelling, unlike other hornbills. They can be very long-lived and are endemic to sub-Saharan Africa.
Piciformes Jacamars Family: Galbulidae
The jacamars are near passerine birds from tropical South America, with a range that extends up to Mexico. They are glossy elegant birds with long bills and tails, which feed on insects caught on the wing. In appearance and behaviour they show resemblances to the Old World bee-eaters, although they are more closely related to woodpeckers. There are 18 species worldwide.
Puffbirds Family: Bucconidae
The puffbirds are related to the jacamars, and have the same range, but lack the iridescent colours of that family. They are mainly brown, rufous or grey, with large heads and flattened bills with a hooked tip. The loose abundant plumage and short tails makes them look stout and puffy, giving rise to the English common name of the family. There are 34 species worldwide.
New World Barbets Family: Capitonidae
The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide.
Prong-billed and Toucan Barbets
Family: Semnornithidae
In addition to primary forest they may occupy forest edges and secondary growth. Neither species is migratory, and young birds do not appear to disperse very far after fledging; young Toucan-barbets only disperse 0.5 km. There are 2 species worldwide.
Toucans Family: Ramphastidae
Toucans are near passerine birds from the neotropics. They are brightly marked and have enormous, colourful bills which in some species may amount to half their body length. There are 40 species worldwide.
Asian Barbets Family: Megalaimidae
They are usually plump-looking, with large heads, and their heavy bill is fringed with bristles. There are 26 species living in wooded areas from Tibet to Indonesia.
African barbets Family: Lybiidae
They are plump-looking, with large heads, and their heavy bill is fringed with bristles. They are mainly solitary birds, eating insects and fruit. Figs and numerous other species of fruiting tree and bush are visited, an individual barbet may feed on as many as 60 different species in its range. There are 42 species worldwide.
Honeyguides Family: Indicatoridae
Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the behaviour of the Greater Honeyguide which leads large animals to bees' nests and then feeds on the wax once the animal has broken the nest open to get at the honey. There are 17 species worldwide.
Woodpeckers Family: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide.
Passeriformes New Zealand Wrens Family: Acanthisittidae
The New Zealand wrensare a family of tiny passerines endemic to New Zealand. They were represented by six known species and two exist today. They are mostly insectivorous foragers of New Zealand's forests and are poor fliers.
Broadbills Family: Eurylaimidae
The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests. There are 15 species worldwide.
Pittas Family: Pittidae
Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards, and stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many, but not all, are brightly coloured. They are spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrate prey which they find there. There are 32 species worldwide.
Ovenbirds Family: Furnariidae
Ovenbirds comprise a large family of small sub-oscine passerine bird species found in Central and South America. They are a diverse group of insectivores which gets its name from the elaborate "oven-like" clay nests built by some species, although others build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. There are 243 species worldwide.
Antbirds Family: Thamnophilidae
The antbirds are a large family of small passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. They are forest birds, and tend to feed on insects at or near the ground. A sizable minority of them specialize in following columns of army ants to eat the small invertebrates that leave hiding to flee the ants.Many species lack bright colour; brown, black and white being the dominant tones. There are about 212 species worldwide.
Antthrushes Family: Formicariidae
The ground antbirds are a family comprising the antthrushes and antpittas. Antthrushes resemble small rails while antpittas resemble the true pittas with longish strong legs, very short tails and stout bills. There are about 63 species worldwide.
Antpittas Family: Grallariidae
The ground antbirds are a family comprising the antthrushes and antpittas. Antthrushes resemble small rails while antpittas resemble the true pittas with longish strong legs, very short tails and stout bills. There are about 63 species worldwide.
Gnateaters Family: Conopophagidae
The gnateaters are round, short-tailed, and long-legged birds, which are closely related to the antbirds. There are 8 species worldwide, all found in South America.
Tapaculos Family: Rhinocryptidae
The tapaculos are a group of small suboscine passeriform birds with numerous species, found in South America. They are terrestrial species that fly only poorly on their short wings. They have strong legs, well-suited to their habitat of grassland or forest undergrowth. The tail is cocked and pointed towards the head. There are 56 species worldwide.
Crescentchests Family: Melanopareiidae
The crescentchests are a genusof birds from South America. The crescentchests are birds of arid scrub. They generally forage on the ground, but their diet has not yet been recorded. There are 4 species.
Tyrant Flycatchers Family: Tyrannidae
Tyrant flycatchers are passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust with stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain colouring. As the name implies, most are insectivorous. There are 429 species worldwide.
Cotingas Family: Cotingidae
The cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges of tropical South America. Comparatively little is known about this diverse group, although all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. The males of many of the species are brightly coloured, or decorated with plumes or wattles. There are 71 species worldwide.
Manakins Family: Pipridae
The manakins are a family bird species of subtropical and tropical mainland Central and South America, and Trinidad and Tobago. They are compact forest birds, the males typically being brightly coloured, although the females of most species are duller and usually green-plumaged. Manakins feed on small fruits, berries and insects. There are 57 species worldwide.
Tityras and Becards Family: Tityridae
Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The approximately 30 species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae and Cotingidae.
Lyrebirds Family: Menuridae
Lyrebirds are among Australia's best-known native birds. As well as their extraordinary mimicking ability, lyrebirds are notable because of the striking beauty of the male bird's huge tail when it is fanned out in display; and also because of their courtship display. There are 2 species.
Scrubbirds Family: Atrichornithidae
Scrub-birds are shy, secretive, ground-dwelling birds. There are just two species. The Rufous scrub-bird is rare and very restricted in its range, and the Noisy scrub-bird is so rare that until 1961 it was thought to be extinct. Both are native to Australia.
Bowerbirds Family: Ptilonorhynchidae
The Bowerbirds are small to medium-sized passerine birds. The males notably build a bower to attract a mate. Depending on the species, the bower ranges from a circle of cleared earth with a small pile of twigs in the center to a complex and highly decorated structure of sticks and leaves. There are 20 species worldwide.
Australasian Treecreepers Family: Climacteridae
The Climacteridae are medium-small, mostly brown-coloured birds with patterning on their underparts and all are endemic to Australia-New Guinea. There are 7 species worldwide.
Australasian Wrens Family: Maluridae
The Maluridae are a family of small, insectivorous passerine birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea. They are socially monogamous and sexually promiscuous, meaning that although they form pairs between one male and one female, each partner will mate with other individuals and even assist in raising the young from such pairings. There are 25 species worldwide.
Honeyeaters Family: Meliphagidae
The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family of small to medium-sized birds most common in Australia and New Guinea. They are nectar feeders and closely resemble other nectar-feeding passerines. There are 174 species worldwide.
Bristlebirds Family: Dasyornithidae
The bristlebirds are a family, Dasyornithidae, of passerine bird. There are three species and are endemic to Australia.
Pardalotes Family: Pardalotidae
The pardalotes are very small, brightly coloured birds native to Australia, with short tails, strong legs, and stubby blunt beaks. This family is composed of four species in one genus, Pardalotus, and several subspecies. The name derives from a Greek word meaning "spotted". There are 4 species worldwide.
Australasian Warblers Family: Acanthizidae
Thornbills are small passerine birds, similar in habits to the tits. There are 65 species worldwide.
Australasian Babblers Family: Pomatostomidae
The pseudo-babblers are small to medium-sized birds endemic to Australia-New Guinea. They are ground-feeding omnivores and highly social. There are 5 species worldwide.
Logrunners Family: Orthonychidae
The Orthonychidae is a family of birds with a single genus, Orthonyx, which comprises two types of passerine birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea, the Logrunners and the Chowchilla. Both use stiffened tails to brace themselves when feeding. There are 3 species worldwide.
Satinbirds Family: Cnemophilidae
The Satinbirds are a group of passerine birds which consists of three species found in the mountain forests of New Guinea.
Berrypeckers and Longbills Family: Melanocharitidae
The Melanocharitidae are medium-sized birds which feed on fruit and some insects and other invertebrates. They have drab coloured plumage in greys, browns or black and white. The berrypeckers resemble stout short-billed honeyeaters, and the longbills are like drab sunbirds. There are 10 species, all of which are restricted to New Guinea.
Painted Berrypeckers Family: Paramythiidae
The Paramythiidae is a very small bird family restricted to the mountain forests of New Guinea. The two species are colourful medium-sized birds which feed on fruit and some insects.
New Zealand Wattlebirds Family: Callaeidae
This small bird family is endemic to New Zealand. It contains three species, only two survive and both of them, the Kokako and the Saddleback, are endangered species, threatened primarily by the predations of introduced mammalian species such as rats, mustelids and possums. A third, the Huia became extinct early in the 20th century.
Stitchbird Family: Notiomystidae
The Stitchbird or Hihi is a rare honeyeater-like bird endemic to the North Island and adjacent offshore islands of New Zealand. It is the only member of the family.
Whipbirds, Jewel-babblers and Quail-thrushes
Family: Psophodidae
This is a family of passerine birds native to Australia and nearby areas. They are terrestrial birds which fly fairly weakly and prefer to squat or run when disturbed. They forage on the ground feeding mainly on insects and other invertebrates. In the desert, quail-thrushes also eat some seeds. There are 15 species worldwide.
Wattle-eyes and Batises Family: Platysteiridae
The wattle-eyes or puffback flycatchers are small stout passerine birds of the African tropics. They get their name from the brightly coloured fleshy eye decorations found in most species in this group. There are 31 species worldwide.
Woodshrikes and Allies Family: Tephrodornithidae
There are 8 species worldwide.
Helmetshrikes Family: Prionopidae
The helmetshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes, but tend to be colourful species with distinctive crests or other head ornaments, such as wattles, from which they get their name. There are 12 species worldwide.
Bushshrikes Family: Malaconotidae
This is an African group of species which are found in scrub or open woodland. They are similar in habits to shrikes, hunting insects and other small prey from a perch on a bush. Although similar in build to the shrikes, these tend to be either colourful species or largely black; some species are quite secretive. There are 50 species worldwide.
Boatbills Family: Machaerirhynchidae
Machaerirhynchus is a genus of passerine birds currently classified with the monarch flycatchers in the family Monarchidae. The two species are known as boatbills. The genus is distributed across New Guinea and northern Queensland.
Vangas Family: Vangidae
The vangas are shrike-like, arboreal forest birds, feeding on reptiles, frogs and insects. There are 15 species worldwide.
Butcherbirds and Allies Family: Cracticidae
The cracticids: currawongs, bellmagpies, and butcherbirds, are similar to the other corvids. They have large, straight bills and mostly black, white or grey plumage. All are omnivorous to some degree. There are 12 species worldwide.
Bristlehead Family: Pityriaseidae
The Bornean Bristlehead, also known as the Bristled Shrike, Bald-headed Crow or the Bald-headed Wood-Shrike, is the only member of the passerine family Pityriaseidae. It is an enigmatic and uncommon species of the rainforest canopy of Borneo.
Woodswallows Family: Artamidae
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings. There are 11 species worldwide.
Ioras Family: Aegithinidae
The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in coloration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens. There are 4 species worldwide.
Cuckooshrikes Family: Campephagidae
The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide.
Sittellas Family: Neosittidae
The sitellas are a family of small passerine birds found only in Australasia. They resemble treecreepers, but have soft tails. There are 2 species worldwide.
Whistlers and Allies Family: Pachycephalidae
The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrike-thrushes, shrike-tits, pitohuis and Crested Bellbird. There are 57 species worldwide.
Shrikes Family: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide.
Vireos and Greenlets Family: Vireonidae
The vireos are a group of small to medium sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. There are about 52 species worldwide.
Orioles and Figbirds Family: Oriolidae
The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide.
Drongos Family: Dicruridae
The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide.
Fantails Family: Rhipiduridae
The Fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders. There are 44 species worldwide.
Monarchs Family: Monarchidae
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by flycatching. There are 99 species worldwide.
Crows and Jays Family: Corvidae
The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide.
Australian Mudnesters Family: Corcoracidae
Both the Australian mudnesters are found in open habitat in eastern Australia, mostly open eucalypt woodlands and some forest that lacks a closed canopy. Both species are tolerant of human modified habitats and will occupy farmlands and suburban areas, and even parks and gardens.
Birds-of-paradise Family: Paradisaeidae
The birds-of-paradise are best known for the striking plumage possessed by the males of most species, in particular highly elongated and elaborate feathers extending from the tail, wings or head. These plumes are used in courtship displays to attract females. There are 44 species worldwide.
Australasian Robins Family: Petroicidae
Most species of the Petroicidae have a stocky build with a large, rounded head, a short, straight bill, and rounded wingtips. They occupy a wide range of wooded habitats, from subalpine to tropical rainforest, and mangrove swamps to semi-arid scrubland. All are primarily insectivorous, although a few supplement their diet with seeds. There are 43 species worldwide.
Rockfowl Family: Picathartidae
The picathartes, rockfowl or bald crows are a small genus of two passerine bird species forming the family Picathartidae found in the rain-forests of tropical west and central Africa. They have unfeathered heads, and feed on insects and invertebrates picked from damp rocky areas. Both species are totally non-migratory, being dependent on a specialised rocky jungle habitat.
Rockjumpers Family: Chaetopidae
The Rock-jumpers are medium-sized insectivorous or omnivorous birds. There are 2 species worldwide.
Rail-babbler Family: Eupetidae
The Rail-babbler or Malaysian Rail-babbler is a strange, rail-like, brown and pied inhabitant of the floor of primary forest in the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, as well as Borneo, distantly related to African crow-like birds. There is 1 species.
Waxwings Family: Bombycillidae
The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterized by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and Cedar Waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. There are 3 species worldwide.
Silky-flycatchers Family: Ptilogonatidae
The silky-flycatchers are a small family of passerine birds that contains four species. The family is named for their silky plumage and their aerial flycatching techniques.
Hypocolius Family: Hypocoliidae
The Grey Hypocolius is a small Middle Eastern bird. They are mainly a uniform grey color, with males having a black triangular mask around the eyes, and with the shape and soft plumage of the waxwings. Only 1 species worldwide.
Palmchat Family: Dulidae
The Palmchat is a small, long-tailed passerine bird, the only species in the family Dulidae. The name reflects its strong association with palms for feeding, roosting and nesting. The Palmchat is the national bird of the Dominican Republic.
Oos Family: Mohoidae
Mohoidae is a family of Hawaiian species of recently extinct, nectarivorous songbirds. These now extinct birds form their own family, representing the only complete extinction of an entire avian family in modern times. There were 5 species.
Hylocitrea Family: Hylocitreidae
The Hylocitrea (Hylocitrea bonensis), also known as the Yellow-flanked Whistler or Olive-flanked Whistler, is a species of bird that is endemic to montane forests on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. It is the only species worldwide.
Fairy Flycatchers Family: Stenostiridae
The Fairy Warbler or Fairy Flycatcher is a small passerine bird. It is an endemic resident breeder in southern Africa. It is the only species worldwide.
Tits and Chickadees Family: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide.
Penduline Tits Family: Remizidae
The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. They are insectivores. There are 13 species worldwide.
Bearded Reedling Family: Panuridae
The Bearded Reedling or "Bearded Tit", an Eurasian species is mainly insectivorous, especially in summer. This is the only species worldwide.
Nicators Family: Nicatoridae
The nicators are shrike-like birds. The plumage of the genus is overall olive on the backs, tail and wings, with yellow spotting on the wings, and lighter grey or whitish undersides. There are 3 species worldwide.
Larks Family: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide.
Bulbuls Family: Pycnonotidae
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests. There are 130 species worldwide.
Swallows and Martins Family: Hirundinidae
The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide.
Wren-babblers Family: Pnoepygidae
Pnoepyga is a genus of wren-babbler endemic to southern and south eastern Asia. The genus contains four species.
Crombecs and African Warblers
Family: Macrosphenidae
The African warblers are a newly erected family, Macrosphenidae, of songbirds. Most of the species were formerly placed in the Old World warbler family Sylviidae. There are 18 species that inhabit sub-Saharan Africa.
Cettia Bush Warblers and Allies
Family: Cettiidae
Cettiidae is a newly validated family of small insectivorous songbirds ("warblers"), formerly placed in the Old World warbler family. Its members occur mainly in Asia and Africa, ranging into Wallacea and Europe. There are 34 species worldwide.
Bushtits Family: Aegithalidae
Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet that includes insects. There are 9 species worldwide.
Leaf Warblers and Allies
Family: Phylloscopidae
Phylloscopidae is a newly described family of small insectivorous birds formerly placed in the Old World warbler family. Its members occur in Eurasia, ranging into Wallacea and Africa (and the Arctic Warbler breeding east into Alaska). Most live in forest and scrub and frequently catch food on the wing.
Reed Warblers and Allies
Family: Acrocephalidae
The species in this family are usually rather large "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds or tall grass. There are 50 species worldwide.
Grassbirds and Allies Family: Locustellidae
Locustellidae is a newly recognized family of small insectivorous songbirds ("warblers"). It contains the grass-warblers, grassbirds, and the Bradypterus "bush-warblers". These birds occur mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. There are 50 species worldwide.
Black-capped Donacobius Family: Donacobiidae
The Black-capped Donacobius is a conspicuous, vocal South American bird and is found in tropical swamps and wetlands. It is the only species worldwide.
Malagasy Warblers Family: Bernieridae
The Malagasy warblers are a newly validated clade of songbirds. They were formally named Bernieridae in 2010. The family consists of ten species of small forest birds and is endemic to Madagascar.
Cisticolas and Allies Family: Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide.
Babblers and Scimitar Babblers
Family: Timaliidae
The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide.
Fulvettas and Ground Babblers
Family: Pellorneidae
This is a new family that has diverged from the Babblers. There are 70 species worldwide.
Laughingthrushes Family: Leiothrichidae
These are rangy, medium-sized, floppy-tailed landbirds with soft fluffy plumage. These birds have strong legs and are quite terrestrial. This group is not strongly migratory, and most species have short rounded wings, and a weak flight. There are 64 species worldwide.
Sylviid Babblers, Parrotbills and Myzornis
Family: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide.
White-eyes Family: Zosteropidae
The white-eyes are small and are mostly of undistinguished appearance, the plumage above being generally either some dull color like greenish olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests many species have a white ring around the eyes. There are 96 species worldwide.
Sugarbirds and Allies Family: Promeropidae
The sugarbirds are a small family of passerine birds which are restricted to southern Africa. In general appearance as well as habits they resemble large long-tailed sunbirds, but are possibly more closely related to the Australian honeyeaters. They have brownish plumage, the long downcurved bill typical of passerine nectar feeders, and long tail feathers. There are 2 species worldwide.
Fairy-bluebirds Family: Irenidae
The Fairy-bluebirds are bubbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green. There are 2 species worldwide.
Goldcrests and Kinglets Family: Regulidae
The kinglets or crests are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice. There are 7 species worldwide.
Hyliotas Family: Hyliotidae
Hyliota is a genus of passerine bird. The taxonomic position of the genus has been a long standing mystery. They have been formerly regarded as Old World warblers in the Sylviidae family, or related to the batises and wattle-eyes in the family Platysteiridae, bush-shrikes in the family Malaconotidae, or even Old-World flycatchers in the family Muscicapidae. An analysis of the mitochondrial DNA of the genus and possible relatives found they have no close relatives and are basal in the clade Passerida. They are now often regarded as a family in their own right, the "Hyliotidae". There are 4 species worldwide.
Wrens Family: Troglodytidae
The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous. There are 80 species worldwide of which all but one are New World species.
Gnatcatchers Family: Polioptilidae
These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their build and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers and gnatwrens are mainly soft bluish grey in colour, and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. They are birds of fairly open woodland or scrub, and nest in bushes or trees. There are 15 species worldwide.
Nuthatches Family: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet. There are 24 species worldwide.
Wallcreeper Family: Tichodromidae
The Wallcreeper is a small bird with stunning crimson, grey and black plumage, related to the nuthatch family. There is only the one species in this Family.
Treecreepers Family: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 10 species worldwide.
Mockingbirds and Thrashers Family: Mimidae
The mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalizations, especially their ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. Their colouring tends towards dull greys and browns . There are 35 species worldwide.
Starlings and Rhabdornis Family: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide.
Oxpeckers Family: Buphagidae
Oxpeckers are endemic to the savanna of Sub-Saharan Africa. Both the English and scientific names arise from their habit of perching on large mammals such as cattle or rhinoceroses, and eating ticks, botfly larvae, and other parasites. There are 2 species worldwide.
Thrushes Family: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide.
Chats and Old World Flycatchers
Family: Muscicapidae
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide.
Dippers Family: Cinclidae
Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. There are 5 species worldwide.
Leafbirds Family: Chloropseidae
The Leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows. There are 8 species worldwide.
Flowerpeckers Family: Dicaeidae
The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues. There are 44 species worldwide.
Sunbirds Family: Nectariniidae
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide.
Old World Sparrows and Snowfinches
Family: Passeridae
Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide.
Weavers and Widowbirds Family: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide.
Waxbills, Munias and Allies
Family: Estrildidae
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide.
Indigobirds and Whydahs Family: Viduidae
They are small passerine birds native to Africa. These are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. There are 20 species worldwide.
Olive Warbler Family: Peucedramidae
The Olive Warbler is a small passerine bird. It is the only member of the family Peucedramidae.
Accentors Family: Prunellidae
The accentors are in the only bird family, Prunellidae, which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to sparrows. There are 13 species worldwide.
Wagtails and Pipits Family: Motacillidae
The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide.
Przevalski's Finch Family: Urocynchramidae
Przewalski's Finch is a small bird similar in appearance to the Long-tailed Rosefinch. The tail is long and - quite unlike in typical finches - graduated, with the outer feathers much shorter than the central ones. There is 1 species worldwide.
Finches Family: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide.
New World Warblers Family: Parulidae
A group of small, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal and insectivorous. There are about 118 species worldwide.
Oropendolas, Orioles and Blackbirds
Family: Icteridae
The Icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most species have black as a predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. There are 30 species worldwide.
Bananaquit Family: Coerebidae
The Bananaquit is a small passerine bird. It has a slender, curved bill, adapted to taking nectar from flowers and is the only member of the genus Coereba and is normally placed within the family Coerebidae, although there is uncertainty whether that placement is correct.
Buntings, New World Sparrows and Allies
Family: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are 275 species worldwide.
Tanagers and Allies Family: Thraupidae
The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly coloured. They are seed eaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings. There are 256 species worldwide.
Longspurs and Snow Buntings
Family: Calcariidae
Commonly known as longspurs or snow buntings which were formerly placed in the Emberizidae family. They are a small family of passerine birds. There are 6 species worldwide.
Grosbeaks, Saltators and Allies
Family: Cardinalidae
The cardinals are a family of passerine birds that are robust, seed-eating birds, with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages. There are 43 species worldwide.
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