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1. Joseph John Thomson, 1856 - 1940 1941

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   Strutt, Robert John

   Obituary Notices Of Fellows Of The Royal Society, Vol. 3, Issue 10, pp. 587 - 609.

   Joseph John Thomson was the son of Joseph James Thomson and his wife, née Emma Swindells. The father was of purely Scottish descent and carried on a family business as a bookseller and publisher in... Read more

   Joseph John Thomson was the son of Joseph James Thomson and his wife, née Emma Swindells. The father was of purely Scottish descent and carried on a family business as a bookseller and publisher in Manchester. J. J. Thomson was born on 18 December 1856. It had been the intention of his father to put him as an apprentice with an engineering firm, but owing to the difficulty of finding an opening he was sent to Owens College, Manchester, as an interim measure. He regarded this more or less accidental circumstance as the turning-point in his life. When there he came under the influence of Balfour Stewart, Professor of Physics, Osborne Reynolds, Professor of Engineering, and Thomas Barker, Professor of Mathematics. His mathematical and scientific capacity soon came to be recognized. He was initiated into physical research by Balfour Stewart, and published a short paper in the Royal Society’s Proceedings on ‘Contact electricity of insulators’. He also assisted Balfour Stewart in various researches and nearly lost his eyesight in an explosion. Fortunately, however, no permanent bad result followed. While at Owens College he made the acquaintance of Arthur Schuster and J. H. Poynting, who remained lifelong friends. On Barker’s advice he gave up the idea of an engineering career and entered Trinity College, Cambridge, as a minor scholar in October 1876. Read less

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2. J. J. Thomson - the Centenary of His Discovery of the Electron and of His Invention of Mass... 1997

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   Griffiths, Iwan W.

   Rapid Communications In Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 11, Issue 1, pp. 2 - 16.

   Joseph John Thomson (1856–1940), physicist, demonstrated the existence of the electron and, by deflection methods, measured its charge‐to‐mass ratio in 1897. He later applied similar methods to the... Read more

   Joseph John Thomson (1856–1940), physicist, demonstrated the existence of the electron and, by deflection methods, measured its charge‐to‐mass ratio in 1897. He later applied similar methods to the study of positive ions and sorted the constituents of the beams into positive ray parabolas each corresponding to a definite ratio of charge‐to‐mass. As we celebrate the centenary of the measurement of e/m, it is apt to reflect that ‘JJT’ could be regarded in fact as the pioneer of mass spectrometry, the roots of which can be traced right back to that measurement. In a remarkable career, Manchester‐born Thomson discovered the electron, revealed the existence of the internal structure of the atom and laid the foundations of mass spectrometry. As well as being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 for ‘Investigations on passage of electricity through gases’. One hundred years after his measurement of e/m, it is an appropriate time to look back on his achievements and to celebrate them in the light of the immense developments which have since taken place in science and, in particular, in mass spectrometry, largely due to his pioneering efforts. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Read less

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3. Epilogue 2004

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   James, Ioan

   Remarkable Physicists, pp. 375 - 378.

   In the list of contents at the front of this book the names of all the subjects of the profiles are arranged in order of date of birth. The following list consists of the same names arranged in ord... Read more

   In the list of contents at the front of this book the names of all the subjects of the profiles are arranged in order of date of birth. The following list consists of the same names arranged in order of date of death.Johannes Kepler (1571–1630)Galileo Galilei (1564–1642)Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695)Isaac Newton (1642–1726)Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782)Roger Boscovich (1711–1787)Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790)Charles Augustin Coulomb (1736–1806)Henry Cavendish (1731–1810)Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) (1753–1814)Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749–1827)Thomas Young (1773–1829)Jean-Baptiste Fourier (1768–1830)André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836)George Green (1793–1841)Hans Christian Oersted (1777–1851)Georg Ohm (1789–1854)Michael Faraday (1791–1867)Joseph Henry (1797–1878)James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)Hermann von Helmholtz (1821–1894)Willard Gibbs (1839–1903)Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906)William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) (1824–1907)John William Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) (1842–1919)Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845–1923)Paul Ehrenfest (1880–1933)Marie Curie (1867–1934)Ernest Rutherford (Lord Rutherford) (1871–1937)Joseph John Thomson (1856–1940)William Henry Bragg (1862–1942)Paul Langevin (1872–1946)Max Planck (1858–1947)Robert Millikan (1868–1953)Enrico Fermi (1901–1954)Albert Einstein (1879–1955)Frederick Lindemann (Lord Cherwell) (1886–1957)Jean-Frédéric Joliot (1900–1958)Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961)Niels Bohr (1885–1962)J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967)Otto Hahn (1879–1968)Lise Meitner (1878–1968)Max Born (1882–1970)Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1906–1972)Satyendranath Bose (1894–1974)Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976)Hideki Yukawa (1907–1981)Piotr Leonidovich Kapitza (1894–1984)Paul Dirac (1902–1984)Louis de Broglie (1892–1987)The fifty physicists whose profiles make up this book were the sons or daughters of men who were engaged in a wide variety of occupations. Read less

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